Health & Disease Research Center for Rural Peoples (HDRCRP), Ena Arista, Flat # B-3, House # 802, Road # 3, Baitul Aman Housing Society, Adabor, Shamoli, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; Graduate School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.
Health & Disease Research Center for Rural Peoples (HDRCRP), Ena Arista, Flat # B-3, House # 802, Road # 3, Baitul Aman Housing Society, Adabor, Shamoli, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2014 Jan;103(1):57-62. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.11.024. Epub 2013 Dec 7.
The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has important health complications for both mother and child and is increasing all over the world. Although prevalence estimates for GDM are not new in developed and many developing countries, data are lacking for many low-income countries like Bangladesh.
To evaluate the prevalence of GDM in Bangladesh.
This cross-sectional study included 3447 women who consecutively visited the antenatal clinics with an average gestation age of 26 weeks. GDM was defined according to WHO criteria (fasting plasma glucose [FPG] ≥7.0 mmol/L or 2-h ≥7.8 mmol/L) and the new ADA criteria (FPG ≥5.3 mmol/L or 2-h ≥8.6 mmol/L OGTT). We also calculated overt diabetes as FPG ≥7.0 mmol/L.
Prevalence of GDM was 9.7% according to the WHO criteria and 12.9% according to the ADA criteria in this study population. Prevalence of overt diabetes was 1.8%. Women with GDM were older, higher educated, had higher household income, higher parity, parental history of diabetes, and more hypertensive, compared with non-GDM women.
This study demonstrates a high prevalence of GDM in Bangladesh. These estimates for GDM may help to formulate new policies to prevent and manage diabetes.
妊娠糖尿病（GDM）的患病率对母婴双方都有重要的健康影响，且在全球范围内呈上升趋势。尽管发达国家和许多发展中国家对 GDM 的患病率已有相关估计，但孟加拉国等许多低收入国家的数据却十分缺乏。
评估孟加拉国 GDM 的患病率。
本横断面研究纳入了 3447 名平均孕龄为 26 周的连续就诊于产前门诊的妇女。GDM 的定义依据世界卫生组织（WHO）标准（空腹血糖[FPG]≥7.0 mmol/L 或 2 小时血糖≥7.8 mmol/L）和美国糖尿病协会（ADA）新标准（FPG≥5.3 mmol/L 或 2 小时血糖≥8.6 mmol/L OGTT）。我们还将 FPG≥7.0 mmol/L 定义为显性糖尿病。
本研究人群中，依据 WHO 标准，GDM 的患病率为 9.7%，依据 ADA 标准，GDM 的患病率为 12.9%。显性糖尿病的患病率为 1.8%。与非 GDM 妇女相比，GDM 妇女年龄更大，受教育程度更高，家庭收入更高，产次更多，有糖尿病家族史，且高血压更为常见。
本研究表明孟加拉国 GDM 的患病率较高。这些 GDM 估计值可能有助于制定新的预防和管理糖尿病的政策。
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