Bangde Sanjivani S, Thakre Vaishnavi M, Fating Tejaswini, Dandekar Aditi
Community Health Physiotherapy, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND.
Cureus. 2023 Dec 13;15(12):e50442. doi: 10.7759/cureus.50442. eCollection 2023 Dec.
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a congenital heart defect characterized by four distinct heart abnormalities, which include an overriding aorta (where the aorta crosses both ventricles), a ventricular septal defect (VSD), right ventricular hypertrophy (the right ventricle muscle is thickened), and pulmonary stenosis (the pulmonary valve and artery are narrowed). Individuals suffering from TOF may exhibit pinkness, cyanosis at baseline, or episodes of hypercyanosis. The pathoanatomy of the TOF allows blood from the pulmonary and systemic circulations to mix. Cyanosis is caused by the addition of deoxygenated blood from a shunt that runs from right to left to the systemic circulation. In this case report, we present a five-year-old female patient with a known case of TOF. The results were recorded using the Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL) Questionnaire, New York Heart Association (NYHA) Dyspnoea Scale, Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale, and arterial blood gas analysis. Therapy goals were to improve overall functional ability, to remove secretions from airway, and the return of acceptable cardiovascular function. This case report focuses on the success of the cardiorespiratory rehabilitation program based on the patient's current state of health. The outcome parameters confirm that patients can experience improved functional recovery.
法洛四联症（TOF）是一种先天性心脏缺陷，其特征为四种不同的心脏异常，包括主动脉骑跨（主动脉横跨两个心室）、室间隔缺损（VSD）、右心室肥厚（右心室肌肉增厚）和肺动脉狭窄（肺动脉瓣和动脉变窄）。患有TOF的个体可能表现为面色红润、基线时发绀或阵发性重度发绀。TOF的病理解剖结构使肺循环和体循环的血液混合。发绀是由从右向左分流的脱氧血液进入体循环所致。在本病例报告中，我们介绍了一名已知患有TOF的5岁女性患者。使用儿童生活质量（PedsQL）问卷、纽约心脏协会（NYHA）呼吸困难量表、面部表情疼痛评分量表（Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale）和动脉血气分析记录结果。治疗目标是提高整体功能能力、清除气道分泌物以及恢复可接受的心血管功能。本病例报告基于患者当前的健康状况，重点介绍了心肺康复计划的成功之处。结果参数证实患者可实现功能恢复改善。
