Grande-Tovar Carlos David, Castro Jorge Ivan, Tenorio Diego López, Zapata Paula A, Florez-López Edwin, Valencia-Llano Carlos Humberto
Grupo de Investigación de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Universidad del Atlántico, Carrera 30 Número 8-49, Puerto Colombia 081008, Colombia.
Tribology, Polymers, Powder Metallurgy and Solid Waste Transformations Research Group, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 No. 100-00, Cali 76001, Colombia.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Dec 1;15(23):4595. doi: 10.3390/polym15234595.
Tissue accidents provide numerous pathways for pathogens to invade and flourish, causing additional harm to the host tissue while impeding its natural healing and regeneration. Essential oils (EOs) exhibit rapid and effective antimicrobial properties without promoting bacterial resistance. Clove oils (CEO) demonstrate robust antimicrobial activity against different pathogens. Chitosan (CS) is a natural, partially deacetylated polyamine widely recognized for its vast antimicrobial capacity. In this study, we present the synthesis of four membrane formulations utilizing CS, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and glycerol (Gly) incorporated with CEO and nanobioglass (n-BGs) for applications in subdermal tissue regeneration. Our analysis of the membranes' thermal stability and chemical composition provided strong evidence for successfully blending polymers with the entrapment of the essential oil. The incorporation of the CEO in the composite was evidenced by the increase in the intensity of the band of C-O-C in the FTIR; furthermore, the increase in diffraction peaks, as well as the broadening, provide evidence that the introduction of CEO perturbed the crystal structure. The morphological examination conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the incorporation of CEO resulted in smooth surfaces, in contrast to the porous morphologies observed with the n-BGs. A histological examination of the implanted membranes demonstrated their biocompatibility and biodegradability, particularly after a 60-day implantation period. The degradation process of more extensive membranes involved connective tissue composed of type III collagen fibers, blood vessels, and inflammatory cells, which supported the reabsorption of the composite membranes, evidencing the material's biocompatibility.
组织损伤为病原体的侵入和繁殖提供了众多途径，在阻碍宿主组织自然愈合和再生的同时，对其造成额外损害。精油（EOs）具有快速有效的抗菌特性，且不会促进细菌耐药性。丁香油（CEO）对不同病原体表现出强大的抗菌活性。壳聚糖（CS）是一种天然的、部分脱乙酰化的多胺，因其广泛的抗菌能力而被广泛认可。在本研究中，我们展示了四种膜制剂的合成，这些制剂利用CS、聚乙烯醇（PVA）和甘油（Gly）与CEO和纳米生物玻璃（n-BGs）结合，用于皮下组织再生。我们对膜的热稳定性和化学成分的分析为聚合物与精油包封的成功混合提供了有力证据。FTIR中C-O-C谱带强度的增加证明了CEO在复合材料中的掺入；此外，衍射峰的增加以及变宽提供了证据，表明CEO的引入扰乱了晶体结构。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）进行的形态学检查显示，与n-BGs观察到的多孔形态相比，CEO的掺入导致表面光滑。对植入膜的组织学检查证明了它们的生物相容性和生物降解性，特别是在植入60天后。更广泛的膜的降解过程涉及由III型胶原纤维、血管和炎性细胞组成的结缔组织，这支持了复合膜的重吸收，证明了该材料的生物相容性。
