Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France.
PLoS Pathog. 2024 Jan 17;20(1):e1011947. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011947. eCollection 2024 Jan.
Microbes associated with an organism can significantly modulate its susceptibility to viral infections, but our understanding of the influence of individual microbes remains limited. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a model organism that in nature inhabits environments rich in bacteria. Here, we examine the impact of 71 naturally associated bacteria on C. elegans susceptibility to its only known natural virus, the Orsay virus. Our findings reveal that viral infection of C. elegans is significantly influenced by monobacterial environments. Compared to an Escherichia coli environmental reference, the majority of tested bacteria reduced C. elegans susceptibility to viral infection. This reduction is not caused by virion degradation or poor animal nutrition by the bacteria. The repression of viral infection by the bacterial strains Chryseobacterium JUb44 and Sphingobacterium BIGb0172 does not require the RIG-I homolog DRH-1, which is known to activate antiviral responses such as RNA interference and transcriptional regulation. Our research highlights the necessity of considering natural biotic environments in viral infection studies and opens the way future research on host-microbe-virus interactions.
与生物体相关的微生物可以显著调节其对病毒感染的易感性，但我们对单个微生物影响的理解仍然有限。秀丽隐杆线虫是一种模式生物，在自然界中栖息在富含细菌的环境中。在这里，我们研究了 71 种自然相关细菌对秀丽隐杆线虫感染其唯一已知天然病毒——奥尔赛病毒的影响。我们的研究结果表明，秀丽隐杆线虫的病毒感染受到单细菌环境的显著影响。与大肠杆菌环境参考相比，大多数测试细菌降低了秀丽隐杆线虫对病毒感染的易感性。这种减少不是由病毒粒子降解或细菌造成的动物营养不良引起的。细菌菌株黄杆菌 JUb44 和鞘氨醇单胞菌 BIGb0172 对病毒感染的抑制作用不需要 RIG-I 同源物 DRH-1，DRH-1 已知能激活抗病毒反应，如 RNA 干扰和转录调控。我们的研究强调了在病毒感染研究中考虑自然生物环境的必要性，并为未来研究宿主-微生物-病毒相互作用开辟了道路。
