Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
ESO Solutions LLC, Austin, TX, USA.
J Urban Health. 2024 Feb;101(1):181-192. doi: 10.1007/s11524-023-00815-x. Epub 2024 Jan 18.
Pedestrian injuries from falls are an understudied cause of morbidity. Here, we compare the burden of pedestrian injuries from falls occurring on streets and sidewalks with that from motor vehicle collisions. Data on injurious falls on streets and sidewalks, and pedestrian-motor vehicle collisions, to which Emergency Medical Services responded, along with pedestrian and incident characteristics, were identified in the 2019 National Emergency Medical Services Information System database. In total, 118,520 injurious pedestrian falls and 33,915 pedestrians-motor vehicle collisions were identified, with 89% of the incidents occurring in urban areas. Thirty-two percent of pedestrians struck by motor vehicles were coded as Emergent or Critical by Emergency Medical Services, while 19% of pedestrians injured by falls were similarly coded. However, the number of pedestrians whose acuity was coded as Emergent or Critical was 2.1 times as high for injurious falls as compared with pedestrians-motor vehicle collisions. This ratio was 3.9 for individuals 50 years and older and 6.1 for those 65 years and older. In conclusion, there has been substantial and appropriate policy attention given to preventing pedestrian injuries from motor vehicles, but disproportionately little to pedestrian falls. However, the population burden of injurious pedestrian falls is significantly greater and justifies an increased focus on outdoor falls prevention, in addition to urban design, policy, and built environment interventions to reduce injurious falls on streets and sidewalks, than currently exists across the USA.
行人因摔倒而受伤是发病率较低的一个研究领域。在这里,我们将行人在街道和人行道上摔倒造成的伤害负担与机动车碰撞造成的伤害负担进行了比较。从美国国家紧急医疗服务信息系统数据库中确定了 2019 年有急救医疗服务响应的、发生在街道和人行道上的伤害性摔倒和行人与机动车碰撞事故的数据,以及行人与事故特征。共确定了 118520 起行人伤害性摔倒和 33915 起行人与机动车碰撞事故,其中 89%的事故发生在城市地区。32%被机动车撞击的行人被急救医疗服务编码为紧急或危急,而 19%的因摔倒受伤的行人也被同样编码。然而,对于伤害性摔倒,被急救医疗服务编码为紧急或危急的行人数量是行人与机动车碰撞的 2.1 倍。对于 50 岁及以上的个体,这一比例为 3.9,对于 65 岁及以上的个体,这一比例为 6.1。总之,美国已经对预防行人因机动车受伤给予了大量且适当的政策关注,但对行人摔倒的关注则不成比例地少。然而,伤害性行人摔倒的人群负担要大得多,除了现有的城市设计、政策和建筑环境干预措施外,还需要更加关注户外摔倒预防,以减少街道和人行道上的伤害性摔倒,这在全美范围内目前还远远不够。
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