Shahadan Siti Zuhaidah, Rahman Siti Juliana A, Mohamad Ismail Mohamad Firdaus, Risdiana Nurvita
Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, Malaysia.
Institut Latihan Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia (Kejururawatan), Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
Malays J Med Sci. 2023 Dec;30(6):45-53. doi: 10.21315/mjms2023.30.6.5. Epub 2023 Dec 19.
Physical activity (PA) maintains weight and reduces postnatal weight retention (PWR), thereby lowering obesity-related comorbidities. There is only limited evidence on the most effective postnatal PA for Malaysian women. This review identified evidence-based literature on the effectiveness of PA interventions in managing weight in postnatal women and the preferred type of intervention for them. A systematic literature search was conducted following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. Randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental research related to PA interventions for women during the postnatal period (18 months after delivery) published in English from 2011 to 2021 were searched in ProQuest, Scopus, Springer Link and PubMed using the following keywords: 'physical activity', 'weight management' and 'postnatal women'. Intervention groups with weight and body mass index measured after any supervised PA guidance/counselling with a minimum follow-up of 10 weeks were included in the analysis. Those with pharmacological management and a comparator control group were excluded. A total of six articles met the inclusion criteria. Using the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomised trials, one of these articles was classified as low-risk, two as having some concerns and three as having a high risk of bias. Walking, yoga and Pilates were found to be the most appropriate and preferred types of physical activity, despite having a small but significant impact on postnatal women's weight management. Healthcare professionals should adopt programmes that explicitly target these PA interventions to manage PWR.
体育活动（PA）有助于维持体重并减少产后体重滞留（PWR），从而降低与肥胖相关的合并症。关于对马来西亚女性最有效的产后体育活动，证据有限。本综述确定了关于体育活动干预对产后女性体重管理有效性的循证文献以及她们偏爱的干预类型。按照系统评价和荟萃分析指南的首选报告项目进行了系统的文献检索。在ProQuest、Scopus、Springer Link和PubMed中使用以下关键词搜索了2011年至2021年以英文发表的与产后时期（分娩后18个月）女性体育活动干预相关的随机对照试验和准实验研究：“体育活动”、“体重管理”和“产后女性”。分析纳入了在任何有监督的体育活动指导/咨询后测量体重和体重指数且最短随访10周的干预组。排除了采用药物管理的组和对照对照组。共有6篇文章符合纳入标准。使用修订后的Cochrane随机试验偏倚风险工具，其中1篇文章被归类为低风险，2篇有一些问题，3篇有高偏倚风险。尽管对产后女性的体重管理影响较小但具有显著意义，但步行、瑜伽和普拉提被发现是最合适且最受青睐的体育活动类型。医疗保健专业人员应采用明确针对这些体育活动干预的方案来管理产后体重滞留。
