Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau, Gottlieb-Daimler-Straße 49, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Tanta University, El-Guish Street (Medical Campus), Tanta 31527, Egypt.
Mar Drugs. 2023 Dec 30;22(1):29. doi: 10.3390/md22010029.
Fucoidan is a class of multifunctional polysaccharides derived from marine organisms. Its unique and diversified physicochemical and chemical properties have qualified them for potential and promising pharmacological uses in human diseases, including inflammation, tumors, immunity disorders, kidney diseases, and diabetes. Physicochemical and chemical properties are the main contributors to these bioactivities. The previous literature has attributed such activities to its ability to target key enzymes and receptors involved in potential disease pathways, either directly or indirectly, where the anionic sulfate ester groups are mainly involved in these interactions. These findings also confirm the advantageous pharmacological uses of sulfated versus non-sulfated polysaccharides. The current review shall highlight the molecular targets of fucoidans, especially enzymes, and the subsequent responses via either the upregulation or downregulation of mediators' expression in various tissue abnormalities. In addition, in silico studies will be applied to support the previous findings and show the significant contributors. The current review may help in understanding the molecular mechanisms of fucoidan. Also, the findings of this review may be utilized in the design of specific oligomers inspired by fucoidan with the purpose of treating life-threatening human diseases effectively.
岩藻聚糖是一类从海洋生物中提取的多功能多糖。其独特且多样化的物理化学和化学性质使它们有资格在人类疾病中发挥潜在和有前途的药理学作用，包括炎症、肿瘤、免疫紊乱、肾脏疾病和糖尿病。物理化学和化学性质是这些生物活性的主要贡献者。先前的文献将这些活性归因于其能够直接或间接地针对潜在疾病途径中涉及的关键酶和受体，其中阴离子硫酸酯基团主要参与这些相互作用。这些发现也证实了硫酸化多糖与非硫酸化多糖的有利的药理学用途。本综述将重点介绍岩藻聚糖的分子靶标，特别是酶，以及随后通过上调或下调各种组织异常中介质表达的反应。此外，还将应用计算机模拟研究来支持先前的发现并显示重要的贡献者。本综述可能有助于理解岩藻聚糖的分子机制。此外，本综述的研究结果可用于设计受岩藻聚糖启发的特定低聚物，以期有效治疗危及生命的人类疾病。
