Guo Xiaofei, Wang Shaojun, Wang Chen, Lan Mengjie, Yang Shengqiu, Luo Shuang, Li Rui, Xia Jiahui, Xiao Bo, Xie Lingling, Wang Zhengjun, Guo Zhipeng
College of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
College of Water Conservancy, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
J Fungi (Basel). 2023 Dec 31;10(1):27. doi: 10.3390/jof10010027.
Soil fungal communities play crucial roles in mediating the functional associations between above- and belowground components during forest restoration. Forest restoration shapes the alterations in plant and soil environments, which exerts a crucial effect on soil fungal assemblages. However, the changes, assembly processes, and driving factors of soil fungi communities during tropical forest restoration are still uncertain. We used Illumina high-throughput sequencing to identify the changes of soil fungal communities across a tropical secondary forest succession chronosequence (i.e., 12-, 42-, and 53-yr stages) in Xishuangbanna. During forest restoration, the dominant taxa of soil fungi communities shifted from r- to K-strategists. The relative abundance of Ascomycota (r-strategists) decreased by 10.0% and that of Basidiomycota (K-strategists) increased by 4.9% at the 53-yr restoration stage compared with the 12-yr stage. From the 12-yr to 53-yr stage, the operational taxonomic unit (OTU), abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE), Chao1, and Shannon index of fungal communities declined by 14.5-57.4%. Although the stochastic processes were relatively important in determining fungal assemblages at the late stage, the fungal community assembly was dominated by deterministic processes rather than stochastic processes. The shifts in soil properties resulting from tropical forest restoration exerted significant effects on fungal composition and diversity. The positive effects of microbial biomass carbon, readily oxidizable carbon, and soil water content explained 11.5%, 9.6%, and 9.1% of the variations in fungal community composition, respectively. In contrast, microbial biomass carbon (40.0%), readily oxidizable carbon (14.0%), and total nitrogen (13.6%) negatively contributed to the variations in fungal community diversity. Our data suggested that the changes in fungal composition and diversity during tropical forest restoration were primarily mediated by the positive or negative impacts of soil carbon and nitrogen pools.
在森林恢复过程中，土壤真菌群落对于调节地上和地下部分之间的功能关联起着关键作用。森林恢复塑造了植物和土壤环境的变化，这对土壤真菌群落产生了至关重要的影响。然而，热带森林恢复过程中土壤真菌群落的变化、组装过程和驱动因素仍不确定。我们利用Illumina高通量测序技术，确定了西双版纳热带次生林演替时间序列（即12年、42年和53年阶段）中土壤真菌群落的变化。在森林恢复过程中，土壤真菌群落的优势类群从r策略者转变为K策略者。与12年阶段相比，在53年恢复阶段，子囊菌门（r策略者）的相对丰度下降了10.0%，担子菌门（K策略者）的相对丰度增加了4.9%。从12年到53年阶段，真菌群落的操作分类单元（OTU）、基于丰度的覆盖率估计器（ACE）、Chao1和香农指数下降了14.5 - 57.4%。尽管随机过程在后期确定真菌群落时相对重要，但真菌群落组装主要由确定性过程而非随机过程主导。热带森林恢复导致的土壤性质变化对真菌组成和多样性产生了显著影响。微生物生物量碳、易氧化碳和土壤含水量的积极影响分别解释了真菌群落组成变化的11.5%、9.6%和9.1%。相比之下，微生物生物量碳（40.0%）、易氧化碳（14.0%）和总氮（13.6%）对真菌群落多样性变化产生了负面影响。我们的数据表明，热带森林恢复过程中真菌组成和多样性的变化主要由土壤碳和氮库的正负影响介导。
