García-Pintor Beatriz, Morales-Rodríguez Francisco Manuel, Pérez-Mármol José Manuel
Association in Favor of People with Intellectual Disability-ASPROGRADES, 18007 Granada, Spain.
Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Jan 5;12(2):126. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12020126.
The relationship between attentional resources and functionality in individuals with intellectual disabilities (IDs) is clinically relevant. This study aimed to examine the possible relationship between the degree of ID and attentional resources, and to evaluate whether attentional resources predict the performance of basic and instrumental activities of daily living (ADL) in individuals with mild and moderate ID. This study, which employed a descriptive, cross-sectional, observational design, was conducted between July 2019 and May 2020. The sample consisted of 166 individuals divided into three groups: moderate ID, mild ID, and those without ID. These groups were compared for attentional functions ( < 0.001), obtaining an effect size ranging from medium to large. The results indicated that 40% of the variance in basic ADL performance was explained by the age of the participants, degree of disability, and sustained attention in individuals with ID. Additionally, 64% of the variance in instrumental ADL performance was explained by sustained, divided, and executive attention. Therefore, attentional resources appear to be associated with the performance of basic and instrumental ADL in individuals with mild and moderate ID.
智力障碍（ID）个体的注意力资源与功能之间的关系具有临床相关性。本研究旨在探讨ID程度与注意力资源之间可能存在的关系，并评估注意力资源是否能预测轻度和中度ID个体的基本及工具性日常生活活动（ADL）表现。本研究采用描述性、横断面观察设计，于2019年7月至2020年5月进行。样本包括166名个体，分为三组：中度ID组、轻度ID组和非ID组。对这些组的注意力功能进行比较（<0.001），效应大小从中等到较大。结果表明，参与者的年龄、残疾程度以及ID个体的持续注意力可解释基本ADL表现中40%的方差。此外，持续注意力、分散注意力和执行注意力可解释工具性ADL表现中64%的方差。因此，注意力资源似乎与轻度和中度ID个体的基本及工具性ADL表现相关。
