Sanjuán Natalia, Mora Pedro, Sanjuán Miguel Ángel, Zaragoza Aniceto
Civil Engineering School, Technical University of Madrid (UPM), C/Professor Aranguren, 3, University City, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Department of Geological and Mines Engineering, Mine and Energy Engineering School, Technical University of Madrid (UPM), C/Ríos Rosas, 21, 28003 Madrid, Spain.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Jan 9;17(2):326. doi: 10.3390/ma17020326.
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which is the United Nations body for assessing the science related to climate change, has recently recognized the natural carbonation process as a way of carbon offsetting with mortar and concrete. Accordingly, this activity could be recognized as a carbon removal process for which certification should be granted. The aim of the certification of carbon removal is to promote the development of adequate and efficient new carbon removal processes. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to provide reliable results on carbon dioxide uptake by cement-based materials in Spain. Yearly, greenhouse gas emissions are reported to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) by each country, and the natural carbonation should be added up to the carbon accounting. Therefore, natural carbonation should be included in the IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, and such accounting information should be made available promptly to the national regulatory authorities. This paper provides the results of carbon dioxide uptake by Spanish cement-based materials from 1990 to 2020 by using an easy method of estimating the net carbon dioxide emissions (simplified method) considering the carbon dioxide released by the calcination during clinker production (process emissions). The outcome of this study reveals that there was 93,556,000 tons of carbon dioxide uptake by the mortar and concrete manufactured in Spain from 1990 to 2020.
政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）是联合国负责评估与气候变化相关科学的机构，该委员会最近认可了自然碳化过程是一种通过砂浆和混凝土进行碳抵消的方式。因此，这一活动可被视为一种应给予认证的碳去除过程。碳去除认证的目的是促进充分且高效的新型碳去除过程的发展。所以，本研究的主要目标是提供西班牙水泥基材料二氧化碳吸收量的可靠结果。每年，各国都会向《联合国气候变化框架公约》（UNFCCC）报告温室气体排放量，并且自然碳化应计入碳核算。因此，自然碳化应纳入IPCC国家温室气体清单指南，此类核算信息应及时提供给国家监管当局。本文采用一种简单的估算净二氧化碳排放量的方法（简化方法），考虑了熟料生产过程中煅烧释放的二氧化碳（过程排放），给出了1990年至2020年西班牙水泥基材料二氧化碳吸收量的结果。本研究结果表明，1990年至2020年期间，西班牙生产的砂浆和混凝土吸收了9355.6万吨二氧化碳。
