Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia.
Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry "Ivan Djaja", Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jan 11;25(2):941. doi: 10.3390/ijms25020941.
This study aimed to evaluate the protective action of oregano () essential oil and its monoterpene constituents (thymol and carvacrol) in L-arginine-induced kidney damage by studying inflammatory and tissue damage parameters. The determination of biochemical markers that reflect kidney function, i.e., serum levels of urea and creatinine, tissue levels of neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), as well as a panel of oxidative-stress-related and inflammatory biomarkers, was performed. Furthermore, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses of kidneys obtained from different experimental groups were conducted. Pre-treatment with the investigated compounds prevented an L-arginine-induced increase in serum and tissue kidney damage markers and, additionally, decreased the levels of inflammation-related parameters (TNF-α and nitric oxide concentrations and myeloperoxidase activity). Micromorphological kidney tissue changes correlate with the alterations observed in the biochemical parameters, as well as the expression of CD95 in tubule cells and CD68 in inflammatory infiltrate cells. The present results revealed that oregano essential oil, thymol, and carvacrol exert nephroprotective activity, which could be, to a great extent, associated with their anti-inflammatory, antiradical scavenging, and antiapoptotic action and, above all, due to their ability to lessen the disturbances arising from acute pancreatic damage. Further in-depth studies are needed in order to provide more detailed explanations of the observed activities.
本研究旨在通过研究炎症和组织损伤参数，评估牛至（）精油及其单萜成分（百里香酚和香芹酚）对 L-精氨酸诱导的肾脏损伤的保护作用。测定反映肾功能的生化标志物，即血清尿素和肌酐水平、组织中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白（NGAL）和肾损伤分子-1（KIM-1）水平，以及一组氧化应激相关和炎症生物标志物。此外，对来自不同实验组的肾脏进行组织病理学和免疫组织化学分析。用所研究的化合物预处理可防止 L-精氨酸诱导的血清和组织肾损伤标志物增加，并降低与炎症相关的参数（TNF-α 和一氧化氮浓度以及髓过氧化物酶活性）水平。肾脏组织的微观形态变化与生化参数的变化以及管腔细胞中 CD95 和炎症浸润细胞中 CD68 的表达相关。本研究结果表明，牛至精油、百里香酚和香芹酚具有肾保护活性，这在很大程度上与其抗炎、清除自由基和抗凋亡作用有关，尤其是与减轻急性胰腺损伤引起的紊乱有关。需要进一步深入研究，以更详细地解释所观察到的活性。
