School of Food, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, No. 4, Meicheng Road, Higher Education Park, Huai'an 223003, China.
Department of Seafood Science, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung, University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan.
Molecules. 2024 Jan 16;29(2):429. doi: 10.3390/molecules29020429.
Resveratrol (RSV), obtained from dietary sources, has been shown to reduce trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) levels in humans, and much research indicates that TMAO is recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of RSV and RSV-butyrate esters (RBE) on the proliferation of co-cultured bacteria and HepG2 cell lines, respectively, and also investigated the changes in trimethylamine (TMA) and TMOA content in the medium and flavin-containing monooxygenase-3 (FMO3) gene expression. This study revealed that 50 µg/mL of RBE could increase the population percentage of at a rate of 53%, while the rate was 48% for . In contrast, co-cultivation of the two bacterial strains effectively reduced TMA levels from 561 ppm to 449 ppm. In addition, regarding TMA-induced HepG2 cell lines, treatment with 50 μM each of RBE, 3,4'-di-O-butanoylresveratrol (ED2), and 3-O-butanoylresveratrol (ED4) significantly reduced FMO3 gene expression from 2.13 to 0.40-1.40, which would also contribute to the reduction of TMAO content. This study demonstrated the potential of RBE, ED2, and ED4 for regulating TMA metabolism in microbial co-cultures and cell line cultures, which also suggests that the resveratrol derivative might be a daily dietary supplement that will be beneficial for health promotion in the future.
白藜芦醇（RSV）来源于饮食，已被证明可以降低人体中的氧化三甲胺（TMAO）水平，大量研究表明 TMAO 被认为是心血管疾病的风险因素。因此，本研究分别考察了 RSV 和 RSV-丁酸盐酯（RBE）对共培养细菌和 HepG2 细胞系增殖的影响，还研究了培养基中三甲胺（TMA）和氧化三甲胺（TMOA）含量的变化以及黄素单加氧酶-3（FMO3）基因表达的变化。本研究表明，50μg/mL 的 RBE 可使 的群体百分比增加 53%，而 的增加率为 48%。相比之下，两种细菌菌株的共培养可有效将 TMA 水平从 561ppm 降低至 449ppm。此外，对于 TMA 诱导的 HepG2 细胞系，用 50μM 的 RBE、3,4'-二-O-丁酰基白藜芦醇（ED2）和 3-O-丁酰基白藜芦醇（ED4）处理可使 FMO3 基因表达分别从 2.13 降低至 0.40-1.40，这也有助于降低 TMAO 含量。本研究表明 RBE、ED2 和 ED4 具有调节微生物共培养和细胞系培养中 TMA 代谢的潜力，这也表明白藜芦醇衍生物可能成为未来有益于健康促进的日常膳食补充剂。
