School of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
College of Physical Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Jan 17;24(2):605. doi: 10.3390/s24020605.
: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different pressurization modes during high-load bench press training on muscle activation and subjective fatigue in bodybuilders. : Ten bodybuilders participated in a randomized, self-controlled crossover experimental design, performing bench press training under three different pressurization modes: T1 (low pressure, high resistance), T2 (high pressure, high resistance), and C (non-pressurized conventional). Surface EMG signals were recorded from the pectoralis major, deltoid, and triceps muscles using a Delsys Trigno wireless surface EMG during bench presses. Subjective fatigue was assessed immediately after the training session. : (1) Pectoralis major muscle: The muscle activation degree of the T1 group was significantly higher than that of the blank control group during the bench press ( < 0.05). The muscle activation degree of the T2 group was significantly higher than that of the C group during the bench press ( < 0.05). In addition, the muscle activation degree of the T2 group was significantly higher than that of the T1 group during the first group bench press ( < 0.05). (2) Deltoid muscle: The muscle activation degree of the T2 group during the third group bench press was significantly lower than the index values of the first two groups ( < 0.05). The muscle activation degree in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the C group ( < 0.05). The degree of muscle activation in the T2 group was significantly higher than that in the T1 group during the first bench press ( < 0.05). (3) Triceps: The muscle activation degree of the T1 group was significantly higher than the index value of the third group during the second group bench press ( < 0.05), while the muscle activation degree of the T2 group was significantly lower than the index value of the first two groups during the third group bench press ( < 0.05). The degree of muscle activation in all experimental groups was significantly higher than that in group C ( < 0.05). (5) RPE index values in all groups were significantly increased ( < 0.05). The RPE value of the T1 group was significantly higher than that of the C group after bench press ( < 0.05). The RPE value of the T1 group was significantly higher than that of the C group after bench press ( < 0.05). In the third group, the RPE value of the T1 group was significantly higher than that of the C and T2 groups ( = 0.002) ( < 0.05). : The activation of the pectoralis major, triceps brachii, and deltoid muscles is significantly increased by high-intensity bench press training with either continuous or intermittent pressurization. However, continuous pressurization results in a higher level of perceived fatigue. The training mode involving high pressure and high resistance without pressurization during sets but with 180 mmHg occlusion pressure and pressurization during rest intervals yields the most pronounced overall effect on muscle activation.
本研究旨在探讨高负荷卧推训练中不同加压模式对健美运动员肌肉激活和主观疲劳的影响。
10 名健美运动员参与了一项随机、自身对照的交叉实验设计，在三种不同加压模式下进行卧推训练：T1（低压、高阻力）、T2（高压、高阻力）和 C（非加压常规）。在卧推过程中，使用 Delsys Trigno 无线表面肌电图仪从胸大肌、三角肌和肱三头肌记录表面肌电图信号。训练后立即评估主观疲劳。
（1）胸大肌：T1 组在卧推时的肌肉激活程度明显高于空白对照组（ < 0.05）。T2 组在卧推时的肌肉激活程度明显高于 C 组（ < 0.05）。此外，T2 组在第一组卧推时的肌肉激活程度明显高于 T1 组（ < 0.05）。
（2）三角肌：T2 组在第三组卧推时的肌肉激活程度明显低于前两组的指标值（ < 0.05）。实验组的肌肉激活程度明显高于 C 组（ < 0.05）。T2 组在第一组卧推时的肌肉激活程度明显高于 T1 组（ < 0.05）。
（3）肱三头肌：T1 组在第二组卧推时的肌肉激活程度明显高于第三组的指标值（ < 0.05），而 T2 组在第三组卧推时的肌肉激活程度明显低于前两组的指标值（ < 0.05）。所有实验组的肌肉激活程度均明显高于 C 组（ < 0.05）。
（4）RPE 指数值在所有组中均显著增加（ < 0.05）。T1 组在卧推后的 RPE 值明显高于 C 组（ < 0.05）。T1 组在第三组的 RPE 值明显高于 C 组和 T2 组（ = 0.002）（ < 0.05）。
高强度卧推训练采用连续或间歇加压可显著增加胸大肌、肱三头肌和三角肌的激活，但连续加压会导致更高的疲劳感。在一组中不加压但在休息间隔施加 180mmHg 闭塞压并加压的高压和高阻力训练模式对肌肉激活的总体影响最为显著。
