Gao Yong, Dai Dongqin, Wang Haibo, Wu Weijia, Xiao Penghui, Wu Lifang, Wei Xiaomei, Yin Si
College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering Qujing Normal University Qujing Yunnan China.
Ecol Evol. 2024 Jan 23;14(1):e10861. doi: 10.1002/ece3.10861. eCollection 2024 Jan.
The role of geographical isolation and environmental adaptation in driving the differentiation and radiation of species has been a hotspot in evolutionary biology. The extremely complicated and fragmented geography of the mountainous region of Southwest China provides an excellent system for investigating the process of species divergence in heterogeneous habitats. is a species of extreme habitat preference that resides mainly in the mountainous region of Southwest China. Here, we used restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) to characterize the geographic pattern of genetic variation among 19 populations of as well as the genomic basis of environmental adaptation. A pattern of low population genetic diversity and high level of genetic differentiation was observed. The genomic data revealed a clear east-west genetic differentiation, with two distinct genetic lineages corresponding to the Guizhou plateau and Yunnan plateau, respectively. However, we discovered demographic expansion of the Guizhou Plateau lineage and recent hybridization in populations at the contact region. Significant levels of isolation by distance along with isolation by environment were detected. Outlier tests and genome-environment association analyses identified 89 putatively adaptive loci that might play a role in environmental adaptation. Our results suggest that the genetic divergence of is attributed to geographical isolation together with divergent selection in the mountainous region of Southwest China.
地理隔离和环境适应在推动物种分化和辐射方面所起的作用一直是进化生物学的热点。中国西南山区极其复杂且破碎的地理环境为研究异质生境中物种分化过程提供了一个绝佳的系统。[物种名称]是一种极端栖息地偏好物种，主要栖息于中国西南山区。在此，我们使用限制性位点关联DNA测序（RAD-seq）来描述[物种名称] 19个种群间遗传变异的地理模式以及环境适应的基因组基础。观察到了低种群遗传多样性和高水平遗传分化的模式。基因组数据揭示了明显的东西部遗传分化，有两个不同的遗传谱系分别对应贵州高原和云南高原。然而，我们发现贵州高原谱系的种群扩张以及接触区域种群近期的杂交现象。检测到显著的距离隔离以及环境隔离。异常值检验和基因组-环境关联分析确定了89个可能在环境适应中起作用的假定适应性位点。我们的结果表明，[物种名称]的遗传分化归因于中国西南山区的地理隔离以及趋异选择。
