同时使用酒精和大麻的性别差异：一项叙述性综述。
Sex and Gender Differences in Simultaneous Alcohol and Cannabis Use: a Narrative Review.
作者信息
Tomko Rachel L, Gex Kathryn S, Davis Christal N, Schick Melissa R, Kirkland Anna E, Squeglia Lindsay M, Flanagan Julianne C, Gray Kevin M, McRae-Clark Aimee L
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, MSC 864, 67 President Street, Charleston, SC 29425-8610, USA.
Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA.
出版信息
Curr Addict Rep. 2023 Dec;10(4):628-637. doi: 10.1007/s40429-023-00513-3. Epub 2023 Oct 27.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The aim is to review recent literature on sex and gender differences in patterns of use, motives, pharmacological effects, and consequences of simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use (SAC).
RECENT FINDINGS
Men engage in SAC more frequently than women. Women may have more substance-specific motives for use, while men tend to consistently endorse social/enhancement motives for both alcohol and cannabis. Regarding pharmacological effects, women experience the same subjective effects as men do at lower levels of use, with some evidence that women modulate cannabis use during simultaneous use episodes to avoid greater subjective intoxication. Finally, women appear more vulnerable to experiencing a range of positive and negative consequences from SAC relative to men.
SUMMARY
Research has identified several important sex/gender differences in SAC and its correlates and consequences. However, research has primarily focused on white and cisgender populations, with a need for more research among racial/ethnic and gender minorities.
综述目的
旨在回顾近期关于同时使用酒精和大麻（SAC）的使用模式、动机、药理作用及后果方面的性别差异的文献。
最新发现
男性比女性更频繁地同时使用酒精和大麻。女性可能有更多特定物质的使用动机，而男性往往始终认可酒精和大麻的社交/增强动机。关于药理作用，女性在较低使用水平下与男性经历相同的主观效应，有一些证据表明女性在同时使用期间会调节大麻使用以避免更高的主观醉酒感。最后，相对于男性，女性似乎更容易因同时使用酒精和大麻而经历一系列积极和消极后果。
总结
研究已经确定了同时使用酒精和大麻及其相关因素和后果方面的几个重要性别差异。然而，研究主要集中在白人和顺性别群体，需要对种族/族裔和性别少数群体进行更多研究。
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