Pape J W, Levine E, Beaulieu M E, Marshall F, Verdier R, Johnson W D
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1987 Mar;36(2):333-7. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1987.36.333.
We used a modified acid-fast stain to detect Cryptosporidium oocysts in unconcentrated stools from 824 Haitian children less than 2 years of age with acute diarrhea. Oocysts were identified in stools from 17.5% of 291 children seen at a rural dispensary and in 16.3% of stools from 533 children in an urban hospital. Children with cryptosporidiosis were identified throughout a 22-month period from October 1982 to July 1984, without seasonal predilection. Cryptosporidiosis was twice as common in infants greater than 6 months of age than in younger infants. Cryptosporidium oocysts were rarely found in stools of infants receiving only breast milk. The clinical presentation of children with cryptosporidiosis was similar to other patients with diarrhea who did not have cryptosporidiosis. No asymptomatic Cryptosporidium infections were detected among 71 family members of 31 children with cryptosporidiosis. Three of the 71 family members less than 3 years of age were found to have diarrhea and Cryptosporidium oocysts. In follow-up studies of 31 patients, oocysts persisted in stools for a mean of 14 days (range 5-31 days). Duration of oocyst excretion was directly correlated with duration of diarrhea. These findings suggest that Cryptosporidium is an important cause of acute self-limited diarrheal illness to Haitian children.
我们采用改良抗酸染色法，对824名2岁以下患急性腹泻的海地儿童未浓缩粪便中的隐孢子虫卵囊进行检测。在一家乡村诊所就诊的291名儿童中，17.5%的粪便中发现了卵囊；在一家城市医院的533名儿童中，16.3%的粪便中发现了卵囊。从1982年10月至1984年7月的22个月期间，均发现了患有隐孢子虫病的儿童，无季节性倾向。6个月以上婴儿患隐孢子虫病的几率是小婴儿的两倍。仅接受母乳喂养的婴儿粪便中很少发现隐孢子虫卵囊。患隐孢子虫病儿童的临床表现与其他未患隐孢子虫病的腹泻患者相似。在31名患隐孢子虫病儿童的71名家庭成员中，未检测到无症状隐孢子虫感染。71名3岁以下家庭成员中有3人出现腹泻且粪便中发现隐孢子虫卵囊。在对31名患者的随访研究中，卵囊在粪便中持续存在的平均时间为14天（范围为5 - 31天）。卵囊排泄持续时间与腹泻持续时间直接相关。这些发现表明，隐孢子虫是海地儿童急性自限性腹泻疾病的重要病因。
