Faculdade de Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil.
Departamento de Cardiologia, Laboratório de Aterosclerose e Biologia Vascular, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil.
Braz J Med Biol Res. 2024 Jan 22;57:e13066. doi: 10.1590/1414-431X2023e13066. eCollection 2024.
Health literacy (HL) is defined as a cognitive and social skill that determines the motivation and ability of individuals to understand and use information to promote and maintain proper health. Inadequate HL has been associated with worse outcomes in diabetes control, poor self-care, and higher hospitalization rates for some chronic diseases. We hypothesized that HL influences the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and that inadequate glycemic control would mediate this association. This was a cross-sectional study carried out with 288 participants of the "Brazilian Diabetes Study" cohort. Inclusion criteria were people diagnosed with T2DM aged between 40 and 70 years and ability to read and write. In the adequate HL group, DR was found in 16.5% of participants and in the inadequate HL group, it was found in 32.8% (P=0.0081). Individuals with inadequate HL had a higher risk of having DR, and this association was still statistically significant after adjusting for HbA1c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. In conclusion, HL is related to DR without the mediation of classical clinical variables.
健康素养（HL）是指一种认知和社会技能，决定了个体理解和使用信息以促进和维持适当健康的动机和能力。HL 不足与糖尿病控制效果较差、自我护理不佳以及某些慢性病住院率较高有关。我们假设 HL 会影响 2 型糖尿病患者（T2DM）中糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的患病率，且血糖控制不佳会调节这种关联。这是一项横断面研究，共纳入了“巴西糖尿病研究”队列中的 288 名参与者。纳入标准为年龄在 40 至 70 岁之间、被诊断患有 T2DM 且能够读写的人群。在 HL 充足组中，有 16.5%的参与者患有 DR，而在 HL 不足组中，有 32.8%的参与者患有 DR（P=0.0081）。HL 不足的个体发生 DR 的风险更高，且在校正了糖化血红蛋白、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、收缩压和舒张压后，这种关联仍然具有统计学意义。总之，HL 与 DR 相关，而与经典临床变量无关。
