Wang Rong, Yuan Chao, Cheng Jianxiang, He Xiangnan, Ye Haitao, Jian Bingcong, Li Honggeng, Bai Jiaming, Ge Qi
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Soft Mechanics & Smart Manufacturing, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
Nat Commun. 2024 Jan 26;15(1):758. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-45039-y.
4D printing technology combines 3D printing and stimulus-responsive materials, enabling construction of complex 3D objects efficiently. However, unlike smart soft materials, 4D printing of ceramics is a great challenge due to the extremely weak deformability of ceramics. Here, we report a feasible and efficient manufacturing and design approach to realize direct 4D printing of ceramics. Photocurable ceramic elastomer slurry and hydrogel precursor are developed for the fabrication of hydrogel-ceramic laminates via multimaterial digital light processing 3D printing. Flat patterned laminates evolve into complex 3D structures driven by hydrogel dehydration, and then turn into pure ceramics after sintering. Considering the dehydration-induced deformation and sintering-induced shape retraction, we develop a theoretical model to calculate the curvatures of bent laminate and sintered ceramic part. Then, we build a design flow for direct 4D printing of various complex ceramic objects. This approach opens a new avenue for the development of ceramic 4D printing technology.
4D打印技术将3D打印与刺激响应材料相结合，能够高效地构建复杂的3D物体。然而，与智能软材料不同，由于陶瓷的可变形性极差，陶瓷的4D打印极具挑战性。在此，我们报告了一种可行且高效的制造与设计方法，以实现陶瓷的直接4D打印。通过多材料数字光处理3D打印，开发了用于制造水凝胶-陶瓷层压板的光固化陶瓷弹性体浆料和水凝胶前驱体。平面图案化层压板在水凝胶脱水的驱动下演变成复杂的3D结构，然后在烧结后转变为纯陶瓷。考虑到脱水引起的变形和烧结引起的形状收缩，我们开发了一个理论模型来计算弯曲层压板和烧结陶瓷部件的曲率。然后，我们构建了一个用于直接4D打印各种复杂陶瓷物体的设计流程。这种方法为陶瓷4D打印技术的发展开辟了一条新途径。
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