Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan; Applied Science Research Center. Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.
MD, PhD, Senior Researcher, School of Humanities, Natural & Social Sciences, New Uzbekistan University, 54 Mustaqillik Ave., Tashkent, 100007, Uzbekistan; Department of Public Health, Samarkand State Medical University, Amir Temur street 18, Samarkand, Uzbekistan.
Pathol Res Pract. 2024 Feb;254:155120. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155120. Epub 2024 Jan 11.
In the immunological surveillance against cancer, natural killer (NK) cells are essential effectors that help eradicate altered cells. The complex interactions that occur between NK cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) are thoroughly examined in this review. The review examines how cytokine stimulation affects NK cell activation, focusing on the dynamic modulation of NK cell function within the TME. It looks at NK cell-related biomarkers such as PD-1/PD-L1, methylation HOXA9 (Homeobox A9), Stroma AReactive Invasion Front Areas (SARIFA), and NKG2A/HLA-E, providing critical information about prognosis and treatment outcomes. The changing landscape of immunotherapies-including checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-NK cells, and cytokine-based interventions-is examined in the context of enhancing NK cell activity. The review highlights the potential pathways for precision medicine going forward, focusing on customized immunotherapies based on unique biomarker profiles and investigating combination medicines to produce more robust anti-tumor responses.
在癌症的免疫监测中，自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞是重要的效应细胞，有助于清除异常细胞。本综述深入探讨了 NK 细胞与肿瘤微环境 (TME) 之间发生的复杂相互作用。该综述检查了细胞因子刺激如何影响 NK 细胞的激活，重点研究了 NK 细胞功能在 TME 中的动态调节。它还研究了与 NK 细胞相关的生物标志物，如 PD-1/PD-L1、甲基化 HOXA9（同源盒 A9）、基质反应性侵袭前沿区域 (SARIFA) 和 NKG2A/HLA-E，提供了有关预后和治疗结果的重要信息。本综述还研究了免疫疗法的变化格局，包括检查点抑制剂、CAR-NK 细胞和细胞因子为基础的干预措施，以增强 NK 细胞的活性。该综述强调了未来精准医学的潜在途径，重点关注基于独特生物标志物图谱的定制免疫疗法，并研究联合药物以产生更强大的抗肿瘤反应。
