Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, India; Health, Safety and Environment Group,Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India.
Health, Safety and Environment Group,Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Mar 20;917:170178. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170178. Epub 2024 Jan 25.
The health impacts of low-dose ionizing radiation exposures have been a subject of debate over the last three to four decades. While there has been enough evidence of "no adverse observable" health effects at low doses and low dose rates, the hypothesis of "Linear No Threshold" continues to rule and govern the principles of radiation protection and the formulation of regulations and public policies. In adopting this conservative approach, the role of the biological processes underway in the human body is kept at abeyance. This review consolidates the available studies that discuss all related biological pathways and repair mechanisms that inhibit the progression of deleterious effects at low doses and low dose rates of ionizing radiation. It is pertinent that, taking cognizance of these processes, there is a need to have a relook at policies of radiation protection, which as of now are too stringent, leading to undue economic losses and negative public perception about radiation.
低剂量电离辐射暴露对健康的影响是过去三四十年争论的主题。虽然已经有足够的证据表明低剂量和低剂量率下没有可观察到的不良健康影响，但“线性无阈”假说仍然主导着辐射防护原则和法规以及公共政策的制定。在采用这种保守方法时，人体中正在进行的生物过程的作用被搁置了。本综述整合了现有的研究，这些研究讨论了所有相关的生物途径和修复机制，这些机制可以抑制低剂量和低剂量率电离辐射的有害影响的进展。需要注意的是，认识到这些过程，就有必要重新审视辐射防护政策，这些政策目前过于严格，导致不必要的经济损失和公众对辐射的负面看法。
