Chaurasia Rajesh Kumar, Shirsath K B, Mungse U S, Bhat N N, Khan Arshad, Sapra B K
Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India.
Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 16;15(1):16994. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-87549-9.
Accurate dose assessment following radiation disasters or accidents is crucial for informed medical interventions. Cytogenetic biomarkers, such as dicentrics (dic), translocations, and chromosomal fragments, are essential for radiation biodosimetry in various exposure scenarios. However, quantifying these markers via separate staining and detection methods presents challenges in terms of efficiency and consistency. This study aimed to quantify multiple cytogenetic markers, including dic, balanced and unbalanced translocations and acentric fragments, from the same metaphases via fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). By enabling multimarker dose estimation from a single sample, this approach minimizes interexperimental variation and improves overall accuracy. Independent calibration curves were generated for each marker, enabling precise dose estimation with smaller class intervals, in accordance with the IAEA and ISO guidelines. The method was validated by estimating doses for five blinded samples via both standard cytogenetic methods and protein biomarkers (γH2AX and 53BP1). The multimarker approach yielded the closest estimates with 2-7% variation from true doses, providing the most accurate results among all cytogenetic techniques. This unified FISH-based approach enhances the precision of dose estimation for both recent and past radiation exposures, offering a more reliable tool for diverse biodosimetry applications.
在辐射灾难或事故后进行准确的剂量评估对于明智的医疗干预至关重要。细胞遗传学生物标志物，如双着丝粒（dic）、易位和染色体片段，对于各种暴露场景下的辐射生物剂量测定至关重要。然而，通过单独的染色和检测方法对这些标志物进行定量在效率和一致性方面存在挑战。本研究旨在通过荧光原位杂交（FISH）从同一中期相中对包括dic、平衡和不平衡易位以及无着丝粒片段在内的多种细胞遗传学标志物进行定量。通过从单个样本进行多标志物剂量估计，这种方法最大限度地减少了实验间的差异并提高了总体准确性。为每个标志物生成了独立的校准曲线，根据国际原子能机构（IAEA）和国际标准化组织（ISO）的指南，能够以更小的分类间隔进行精确的剂量估计。通过标准细胞遗传学方法和蛋白质生物标志物（γH2AX和53BP1）对五个盲样进行剂量估计，验证了该方法。多标志物方法得出的估计值与真实剂量的差异最小，为2%-7%，在所有细胞遗传学技术中提供了最准确的结果。这种基于FISH的统一方法提高了对近期和过去辐射暴露剂量估计的精度，为各种生物剂量测定应用提供了更可靠的工具。
