中国野生矮扁桃线粒体全基因组的组装与分析。
Assembly and analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of the Chinese wild dwarf almond ().
作者信息
Liu Xingyue, Zhang Dongdong, Yu Zhenfan, Zeng Bin
机构信息
College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China.
出版信息
Front Genet. 2024 Jan 11;14:1329060. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1329060. eCollection 2023.
The wild dwarf almond () is one of the national key grade II-protected wild plants in China. It is a relic deciduous forest species from the middle Eocene of the ancient Mediterranean Sea and is also known as a "living fossil of plants." It is distributed in Southeast Europe, West Asia, Central Asia, Siberia, and Xinjiang (Tacheng) and other areas of China. The plant grows on arid slopes, steppes, depressions, and valleys at an altitude of 1,200 m. The seeds of wild dwarf almonds are frost resistant and contain oil and bitter lentil glycosides, which possess medicinal value. Additionally, the seeds of wild dwarf almonds can be used as the original material for breeding new varieties of almonds and obtain ornamental flowers and trees. The complete mitochondrial genome of was sequenced and assembled using two sequencing platforms, namely, Illumina Novaseq6000 and Oxford Nanopore PromethION. The assembled genome was 452,158-bp long with a typical loop structure. The total number of A, T, C, and G bases in the genome was 122,066 (26.99%), 124,114 (27.45%), 103,285 (22.84%), and 102,693 (22.71%), respectively, with a GC content of 45.55%. A total of 63 unique genes, including 36 protein-coding genes, 24 tRNA genes, and 3 rRNA genes, were identified in the genome. Furthermore, codon usage, sequence duplication, RNA editing, and mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA fragment transfer events in the genome were analyzed. A phylogenetic tree was also constructed using 30 protein-coding genes that are common to the mitochondrial genomes of 24 species, which indicated that the genome of wild lentils is highly conserved with those of apples and pears belonging to Rosaceae. Assembly and annotation of the mitochondrial genome provided comprehensive information about the mitochondrial genome of wild dwarf almonds, This study provides information on the mitochondrial genome of species and serves as a reference for further evolutionary studies on wild dwarf almonds.
野生矮扁桃()是中国国家重点二级保护野生植物之一。它是古地中海始新世中期的残遗落叶林树种,也被称为“植物活化石”。分布于东南欧、西亚、中亚、西伯利亚以及中国新疆(塔城)等地。该植物生长在海拔1200米的干旱山坡、草原、洼地和山谷中。野生矮扁桃的种子抗冻,含有油脂和苦杏仁苷,具有药用价值。此外,野生矮扁桃的种子可作为培育杏仁新品种的原材料,还能培育出观赏花卉和树木。利用Illumina Novaseq6000和Oxford Nanopore PromethION这两个测序平台对野生矮扁桃的完整线粒体基因组进行了测序和组装。组装后的基因组长度为452,158碱基对,具有典型的环状结构。基因组中A、T、C、G碱基总数分别为122,066(26.99%)、124,114(27.45%)、103,285(22.84%)和102,693(22.71%),GC含量为45.55%。基因组中共鉴定出63个独特基因,包括36个蛋白质编码基因、24个tRNA基因和3个rRNA基因。此外,还对基因组中的密码子使用、序列重复、RNA编辑以及线粒体和叶绿体DNA片段转移事件进行了分析。利用24个物种线粒体基因组共有的30个蛋白质编码基因构建了系统发育树,结果表明野生扁豆的基因组与蔷薇科苹果和梨的基因组高度保守。野生矮扁桃线粒体基因组的组装和注释提供了有关其线粒体基因组的全面信息,本研究提供了野生矮扁桃物种线粒体基因组的信息,为野生矮扁桃的进一步进化研究提供了参考。