Puffer Hanna, Hodson Gordon, Prusaczyk Elvira
Department of Psychology, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada.
Department of Psychology, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, Canada.
Arch Sex Behav. 2024 Mar;53(3):1169-1185. doi: 10.1007/s10508-023-02797-y. Epub 2024 Jan 29.
Despite the stigmatization of sex work in society, little empirical research has examined attitudes toward sex work, especially its modern incarnations (e.g., sugar relationships, webcamming). Here, a sample of 298 US residents (M = 40.06 years; 59.1% male, 40.9% female) was recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk. Various theoretical predictors (e.g., right-wing authoritarianism [RWA]), sociosexuality) were set to predict the degree to which four sex work domains (prostitution, pornography, sugar relationships, webcamming) provide cisgender women agency (beneficial) or harm them (detrimental). We found that the domains of sex work were organized hierarchically, as theorized by the so-called "whorearchy," whereby the more "unfavorable" domains (e.g., prostitution) fall at the bottom, and the more "favorable" ones (e.g., webcamming) sit at the top. Additionally, multiple regression analyses revealed that RWA (negatively) and sociosexuality (positively) were the strongest predictors of sex work agency across various domains. In predicting harm, RWA, feminism, religiosity, and age were unique positive predictors, whereas sociosexuality and male (vs. female) self-identified sex were unique negative predictors, across the four domains of sex work. Moreover, individual differences (e.g., RWA) were often significantly stronger predictors of agency or harm among female than male participants. The results suggest that although sex work domains vary in agency and harm ratings, individual differences (most notably, RWA and sociosexuality) are important predictors across domains, especially for cisgender women. Given the growing prevalence of such online forms of sex work, along with growing evidence of sugar relationships, it will become increasingly important to track reactions as these forms of sex work evolve.
尽管性工作在社会中存在污名化现象，但很少有实证研究考察人们对性工作的态度，尤其是对其现代形式（如甜心关系、网络摄像头表演）的态度。在此，通过亚马逊土耳其机器人招募了298名美国居民作为样本（平均年龄M = 40.06岁；男性占59.1%，女性占40.9%）。设定了各种理论预测因素（如右翼威权主义[RWA]、社会性取向），以预测四个性工作领域（卖淫、色情制品、甜心关系、网络摄像头表演）赋予顺性别女性权力（有益）或伤害她们（有害）的程度。我们发现，性工作领域正如所谓的“妓女等级制度”所理论化的那样呈等级排列，即越“不利”的领域（如卖淫）处于底层，而越“有利”的领域（如网络摄像头表演）处于顶层。此外，多元回归分析显示，RWA（呈负相关）和社会性取向（呈正相关）是各个领域中性工作赋权的最强预测因素。在预测伤害方面，RWA、女权主义、宗教信仰和年龄是四个性工作领域中独特的正向预测因素，而社会性取向以及自我认定为男性（与女性相对）的性别则是独特的负向预测因素。此外，个体差异（如RWA）在预测女性参与者的赋权或伤害方面往往比男性参与者显著更强。结果表明，尽管性工作领域在赋权和伤害评级方面存在差异，但个体差异（最显著的是RWA和社会性取向）是各个领域的重要预测因素，尤其是对顺性别女性而言。鉴于此类在线性工作形式的日益普及，以及甜心关系的证据越来越多，随着这些性工作形式的演变，追踪人们的反应将变得越来越重要。
