成年男性和女性在生活质量和健康水平上的差异：一项横断面分析。
Differences in quality of life and fitness level among men and women in the adulthood: a cross-sectional analysis.
作者信息
Alvarez-Bueno Celia, Del Saz-Lara Alicia, Cavero-Redondo Ivan, Rodriguez-Gutierrez Eva, Gonzalez-Molinero Marta, Bizzozero-Peroni Bruno, Pascual-Morena Carlos, Lucas-Torres Maribel Luceron
机构信息
Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain.
Universidad Politécnica y Artística del Paraguay, Asunción, Paraguay.
出版信息
Arch Public Health. 2024 Jan 29;82(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s13690-024-01244-1.
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to examine the associations between physical fitness components and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among adults stratified by sex and age. In addition, we aimed to examine whether these associations change based on socioeconomic, clinical, and biochemical characteristics.
METHODS
A total of 297 participants aged 47.41 (standard deviation: 9.08) years from the "Validity of a Model of Accelerated Vascular Aging as a Cardiovascular Risk Index in Healthy Adults: the EVasCu cross-sectional study" were included in this analysis. HRQoL, physical fitness, socioeconomic status (SES), waist circumference, and blood pressure were measured. Additionally, blood samples were extracted to determine cholesterol, triglyceride, and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. Analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) were estimated to test mean differences in physical and mental health-related health measures (HRQoL) between fitness categories (fixed factors) by sex and age categories.
RESULTS
The physical HRQoL was related to the levels of fitness parameters among women, independent of age, while for men, it was related to better levels of general fitness and cardiorespiratory fitness among men aged < 50 and men aged ≥ 50, respectively. In contrast, mental HRQoL was related to cardiorespiratory fitness only among women aged < 50 years; speed/agility and flexibility among men aged < 50 years; and general fitness, strength, and flexibility among men aged ≥ 50 years. These data did not change when SES, clinical variables, or biochemical determinations were included in the analyses, neither for the physical nor for the mental HRQoL.
CONCLUSION
Gender and age are important factors to be considered when analysing health indicators and influences in the population. In addition, SES, clinical characteristics, and biochemical parameters do not seem to influence the relationship between HRQoL and fitness.
背景
本研究旨在探讨按性别和年龄分层的成年人身体适能成分与健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）之间的关联。此外，我们还旨在研究这些关联是否会因社会经济、临床和生化特征而发生变化。
方法
本分析纳入了“加速血管老化模型作为健康成年人心血管风险指数的有效性：EVasCu横断面研究”中的297名年龄为47.41岁（标准差：9.08）的参与者。测量了HRQoL、身体适能、社会经济地位（SES）、腰围和血压。此外，采集血样以测定胆固醇、甘油三酯和糖化血红蛋白A1c（HbA1c）水平。通过协方差分析（ANCOVAs）来检验按性别和年龄类别划分的适能类别（固定因素）之间在身体和心理健康相关健康指标（HRQoL）上的平均差异。
结果
女性的身体HRQoL与适能参数水平相关，与年龄无关，而对于男性，分别与年龄<50岁和年龄≥50岁男性的较好的总体适能和心肺适能水平相关。相比之下，心理HRQoL仅与年龄<50岁的女性的心肺适能相关；与年龄<50岁的男性的速度/敏捷性和灵活性相关；以及与年龄≥50岁的男性的总体适能、力量和灵活性相关。当在分析中纳入SES、临床变量或生化测定时，这些数据对于身体和心理HRQoL均未改变。
结论
在分析人群中的健康指标及其影响时，性别和年龄是需要考虑的重要因素。此外，SES、临床特征和生化参数似乎不会影响HRQoL与适能之间的关系。
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