Babu Bontha V, Hazarika Chaya R, Raina Sunil K, Masoodi Shariq R, Basappa Yogish C, Thomas Nihal, Kerketta Anna S, Menon Nanda Kumar, Jebasingh Felix K
Socio Behavioral, Health Systems and Implementation Research Division, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.
Socio Behavioral, Health Systems and Implementation Research Division, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.
J Natl Med Assoc. 2024 Apr;116(2 Pt 1):153-164. doi: 10.1016/j.jnma.2024.01.004. Epub 2024 Jan 29.
The perception among healthcare workers is that the Indian tribal (indigenous) population are less affected by diabetes. This paper reports the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and its associated factors among tribal populations from six districts across India.
Random blood glucose (RBG) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were measured for 8486 and 3131 adults, respectively, with a glucose meter. FBG ≥ 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) and RBG ≥ 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) were used to diagnose diabetes. In addition, blood pressure, anthropometric (height, weight, waist and hip circumferences), socio-demographic (age, gender, education, type of tribe and type of village) and behavioural data (tobacco smoking, non-smoking tobacco use and alcohol consumption) were collected.
The overall prevalence of type 2 diabetes, based on RBG, was 4.77% (95% CI: 4.33-5.25). The prevalence of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes, based on FBG, was 6.80% (95% CI: 5.95-7.74) and 8.69% (7.72-9.73), respectively. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes was significantly associated with age (p<0.001), smokeless tobacco use (p < 0.05), hypertension (p < 0.001) and obesity (p < 0.01).
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes among the Indian tribal population reported in this study is less than the national average of 7.3% for the general population. Hypertension and obesity were the major risk factors. Due to changing behavioural patterns, including dietary behaviour, there is likely to be an increase in the prevalence of hypertension and obesity, which further leads to increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes. Hence, appropriate interventions are to be initiated by the primary healthcare system.
医护人员的认知是，印度部落（原住民）人口受糖尿病影响较小。本文报告了印度六个地区部落人口中2型糖尿病的患病率及其相关因素。
分别使用血糖仪对8486名和3131名成年人测量随机血糖（RBG）和空腹血糖（FBG）。空腹血糖≥126mg/dL（7.0mmol/L）和随机血糖≥200mg/dL（11.1mmol/L）用于诊断糖尿病。此外，还收集了血压、人体测量数据（身高、体重、腰围和臀围）、社会人口统计学数据（年龄、性别、教育程度、部落类型和村庄类型）以及行为数据（吸烟、使用无烟烟草和饮酒）。
基于随机血糖，2型糖尿病的总体患病率为4.77%（95%置信区间：4.33 - 5.25）。基于空腹血糖，2型糖尿病和糖尿病前期的患病率分别为6.80%（95%置信区间：5.95 - 7.74）和8.69%（7.72 - 9.73）。2型糖尿病的患病率与年龄（p<0.001）、无烟烟草使用（p<0.05）、高血压（p<0.001）和肥胖（p<0.01）显著相关。
本研究报告的印度部落人口中2型糖尿病的患病率低于普通人群7.3%的全国平均水平。高血压和肥胖是主要危险因素。由于包括饮食行为在内的行为模式发生变化，高血压和肥胖的患病率可能会增加，这进一步导致2型糖尿病的患病率上升。因此，初级卫生保健系统应启动适当的干预措施。
