Kandpal Vani, Sachdeva M P, Saraswathy K N
Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
BMC Public Health. 2016 May 25;16:434. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-3106-x.
Non communicable diseases (NCDs) have become a major concern for global health. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) contribute 48 % towards the deaths due to NCDs in India. Though studies have been conducted in urban and rural areas, data related to tribal communities is limited. The present study aims to examine various CVD related risk factors including hypertension, elevated fasting blood glucose, obesity and metabolic syndrome among a tribal population.
The present study was an observational, cross- sectional study conducted on Rang Bhotias, a tribal population of India. The participants were adults of age between 20 and 60 years. Prior to blood sample collection, interview schedule was administered which included relevant information like age, lifestyle, socio-economic status, education and occupation In addition to this, various anthropometric and physiological measurements were taken. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of the various health disorders related to CVDs with age, gender and behavioural factors (smoking, alcohol consumption and physical activity).
A total of 288 participants were surveyed for the study including 104 males and 184 females. High BMI (56.6 %), hypertension (43.4 %), metabolic syndrome (39.2 %) and abdominal obesity (33.7 %) were the most prevalent CVD risk factors observed in the population. The multivariate logistic regression analysis, conducted to examine the contribution of risk factors including behavioural risk factors on the studied abnormalities, revealed age to be a significant risk factor for all the abnormalities except elevated fasting blood glucose. Gender and physical inactivity contributed significantly towards development of hypertension. Physical inactivity was also found to be associated with high BMI levels.
In the present study, hypertension, high BMI levels, MS and abdominal obesity have been found to be high among the studied population. The status of the population with respect to these abnormalities implicates susceptibility of the community towards various common disorders. The prevention and treatment intervention programs should be implemented taking into consideration age and gender.
非传染性疾病已成为全球健康的主要关注点。在印度，心血管疾病导致的死亡占非传染性疾病所致死亡的48%。尽管已在城市和农村地区开展了研究，但与部落社区相关的数据有限。本研究旨在调查部落人群中各种与心血管疾病相关的危险因素，包括高血压、空腹血糖升高、肥胖和代谢综合征。
本研究是一项针对印度部落人群朗博蒂亚斯开展的观察性横断面研究。参与者为年龄在20至60岁之间的成年人。在采集血样之前，实施了访谈问卷，其中包括年龄、生活方式、社会经济地位、教育程度和职业等相关信息。除此之外，还进行了各种人体测量和生理测量。采用逻辑回归分析来研究与心血管疾病相关的各种健康障碍与年龄、性别和行为因素（吸烟、饮酒和体育活动）之间的关联。
本研究共调查了288名参与者，其中男性104名，女性184名。高体重指数（56.6%）、高血压（43.4%）、代谢综合征（39.2%）和腹型肥胖（33.7%）是该人群中最常见的心血管疾病危险因素。为研究包括行为危险因素在内的危险因素对所研究异常情况的影响而进行的多变量逻辑回归分析显示，年龄是除空腹血糖升高外所有异常情况的重要危险因素。性别和缺乏体育活动对高血压的发生有显著影响。还发现缺乏体育活动与高体重指数水平相关。
在本研究中，在所研究的人群中高血压、高体重指数水平、代谢综合征和腹型肥胖的发生率较高。该人群在这些异常情况方面的状况表明该社区易患各种常见疾病。应考虑年龄和性别实施预防和治疗干预项目。
