Meshram I I, Arlappa N, Balkrishna N, Rao K M, Laxmaiah A, Brahmam G N V
Division of Community Studies, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
J Postgrad Med. 2012 Oct-Dec;58(4):255-61. doi: 10.4103/0022-3859.105444.
Increasing prevalence of hypertension is a public health problem in India.
To study prevalence, correlates, and awareness of hypertension among tribal adult population in Kerala.
A community-based, cross-sectional study was carried out in tribal areas of Kerala by adopting multistage random sampling procedure.
Data was collected on socio-demographic and behavioral factors, and anthropometric measurements were carried out. Body mass index (BMI) was categorized using the classification recommended for Asians. Waist circumference ≥ 90 cm for men and ≥ 80 cm for women was used cut off for defining an abdominal obesity. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was carried out to study association of hypertension with socio-demographic variables, personal habits, and obesity.
A total of 4,193 adults (men 1,891, women: 2,302) of ≥ 20 years of age were covered. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 40% (n=1671). The prevalence of hypertension increases with increase in age among both the genders. Regression analysis showed that the risk of hypertension was significantly (P<0.001) lower among educated and among higher socio-economic status group. Sedentary activity had 1.3 times (CI=1.09-1.60) and alcohol consumption had 1.4 (CI=1.17-1.73) times higher risk of hypertension. The risk of hypertension was 1.7 times higher among overweight/obese subjects. Overall, only 10% (n=164) of the adult population was aware of hypertension status, and about 8% (n=129) were on regular treatment.
It was observed that the prevalence of hypertension was higher among tribal adult population of Kerala and was associated with age, gender, education, HHs wealth index, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption, and overweight/obesity.
高血压患病率不断上升是印度的一个公共卫生问题。
研究喀拉拉邦部落成年人群中高血压的患病率、相关因素及知晓情况。
采用多阶段随机抽样程序，在喀拉拉邦的部落地区开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究。
收集社会人口学和行为因素数据，并进行人体测量。采用针对亚洲人的推荐分类方法对体重指数（BMI）进行分类。男性腰围≥90厘米、女性腰围≥80厘米被用作定义腹型肥胖的切点。进行双变量和多变量分析，以研究高血压与社会人口学变量、个人习惯和肥胖之间的关联。
共纳入4193名年龄≥20岁的成年人（男性1891名，女性2302名）。高血压的总体患病率为40%（n = 1671）。男女两性中高血压患病率均随年龄增长而升高。回归分析显示，在受过教育者和社会经济地位较高的人群中，高血压风险显著较低（P < 0.001）。久坐不动的人患高血压的风险是常人的1.3倍（CI = 1.09 - 1.60），饮酒者患高血压的风险是常人的1.4倍（CI = 1.17 - 1.73）。超重/肥胖者患高血压的风险是常人的1.7倍。总体而言，只有10%（n = 164）的成年人群知晓自己的高血压状况，约8%（n = 129）的人正在接受正规治疗。
研究发现，喀拉拉邦部落成年人群中高血压患病率较高，且与年龄、性别、教育程度、家庭财富指数、缺乏身体活动、饮酒以及超重/肥胖有关。
