College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan Regina Campus, 1440 14 Ave, Regina, SK, S4P 0W5, Canada.
Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Pkwy, Regina, SK, S4S 0A2, Canada.
BMC Neurol. 2024 Jan 30;24(1):49. doi: 10.1186/s12883-024-03548-9.
The growing incidence of Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a major burden on the healthcare system. PD is caused by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and is known for its effects on motor function and sleep. Sleep is vital for maintaining proper homeostasis and clearing the brain of metabolic waste. Adequate time spent in each sleep stage can help maintain homeostatic function; however, patients with PD appear to exhibit sleep impairments. Although medications enhance the function of remaining dopaminergic neurons and reduce motor symptoms, their potential to improve sleep is still under question. Recently, research has shifted towards exercise protocols to help improve sleep in patients with PD. This review aims to provide an overview of how sleep is impaired in patients with PD, such as experiencing a reduction in time spent in slow-wave sleep, and how exercise can help restore normal sleep function. A PubMed search summarized the relevant research on the effects of aerobic and resistance exercise on sleep in patients with PD. Both high and low-intensity aerobic and resistance exercises, along with exercises related to balance and coordination, have been shown to improve some aspects of sleep. Neurochemically, sleeping leads to an increase in toxin clearance, including α-synuclein. Furthermore, exercise appears to enhance the concentration of brain-derived neurotrophic factors, which has preliminary evidence to suggest correlations to time spent in slow-wave sleep. More research is needed to further elucidate the physiological mechanism pertaining to sleep and exercise in patients with PD.
帕金森病 (PD) 的发病率不断上升，给医疗保健系统带来了沉重负担。PD 是由多巴胺能神经元的退化引起的，其对运动功能和睡眠的影响是众所周知的。睡眠对维持适当的体内平衡和清除大脑代谢废物至关重要。充足的睡眠时间有助于维持体内平衡功能；然而，PD 患者似乎存在睡眠障碍。尽管药物可以增强剩余多巴胺能神经元的功能并减轻运动症状，但它们改善睡眠的潜力仍存在疑问。最近，研究方向转向了运动方案，以帮助改善 PD 患者的睡眠。本综述旨在概述 PD 患者的睡眠如何受到损害，例如慢波睡眠时间减少，以及运动如何有助于恢复正常的睡眠功能。对PubMed 的搜索总结了关于有氧运动和抗阻运动对 PD 患者睡眠影响的相关研究。高强度和低强度的有氧运动和抗阻运动，以及与平衡和协调相关的运动，都已被证明可以改善睡眠的某些方面。神经化学上，睡眠会导致毒素清除增加，包括α-突触核蛋白。此外，运动似乎可以提高脑源性神经营养因子的浓度，有初步证据表明与慢波睡眠时间有关。需要进一步的研究来进一步阐明 PD 患者睡眠和运动的生理机制。
