Veterinary Public Health Department, Veterinary Medicine College, Mosul University, Mosul, Iraq.
Veterinary Public Health Department, Veterinary Medicine College, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Open Vet J. 2023 Dec;13(12):1654-1668. doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i12.15. Epub 2023 Dec 31.
Plasma-activated water (PAW) is considered one of the emerging strategies that has been highlighted recently in the food industry for microbial decontamination and mycotoxin detoxification, due to its unique provisional characteristics.
The effectiveness of PAW for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), and fumonisin B1 (FB1) detoxification in naturally contaminated poultry feeds with its impacts on the feed quality were inspected.
PAW-30 and PAW-60 were utilized for feed treatment for six time durations (5, 10, 15, 20, 40, and 60 minutes) each. The alterations in the physicochemical properties of PAW after different time durations of plasma inducement and treatment with and without feed samples were monitored. Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed for estimation of mycotoxin levels and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was utilized for results confirmation. Feed composition analyses with peroxide values (PVs) estimation were implemented according to standard analytical methods.
The physicochemical properties of PAW showed a significant decrease ( < 0.05) in pH value from 6.72 to 2.68 and a significant increase ( < 0.05) in oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), electrical conductivity (EC), and temperature from 235 mV, 5.1 μS/cm, and 20.5°C to 499.2 mV, 727.6 μS/cm, and 26.8°C, respectively, after 60 minutes of plasma inducement in a time-dependent manner. The mycotoxins decay kinetics after PAW application were illustrated. Mycotoxins degradation efficiency significantly increased ( < 0.05) with increasing water activation time. A significant increase ( < 0.05) in AFB1, OTA, and FB1 degradation levels was reported mainly during the first 10 minutes of treatment for AFB1 and the first 15 minutes for OTA and FB1 to record values of 28.33%, 32.14%, and 34.62% and 33.80%, 40.70%, and 43.38% after 60 minutes of feed exposure to PAW-30 and PAW-60, respectively. Significant differences ( < 0.05) between examined mycotoxins in their degradation levels were recorded, where FB1 exhibited the highest degradation levels. Generally, feed compositions were slightly affected by PAW and fats were still having good quality.
The possibility of PAW for degrading more than a quarter to a third of the original quantity of targeted mycotoxins in poultry feeds after 10 minutes of treatment with a slight effect on feed quality.
等离子体激活水（PAW）被认为是一种新兴策略，由于其独特的暂态特性，最近在食品工业中被用于微生物消毒和霉菌毒素解毒。
检测 PAW 对自然污染的家禽饲料中黄曲霉毒素 B1（AFB1）、赭曲霉毒素 A（OTA）和伏马菌素 B1（FB1）解毒的有效性及其对饲料质量的影响。
PAW-30 和 PAW-60 分别用于饲料处理，每个处理时间为 6 个时间段（5、10、15、20、40 和 60 分钟）。监测等离子体诱导不同时间间隔后以及有无饲料样品处理时 PAW 的理化性质变化。采用竞争酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）估算霉菌毒素水平，采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）进行结果确认。根据标准分析方法进行饲料成分分析，并估算过氧化物值（PV）。
PAW 的理化性质显示，pH 值从 6.72 显著降低（<0.05）至 2.68，氧化还原电位（ORP）、电导率（EC）和温度分别从 235 mV、5.1 μS/cm 和 20.5°C 显著升高（<0.05）至 499.2 mV、727.6 μS/cm 和 26.8°C，呈时间依赖性。PAW 应用后霉菌毒素的衰减动力学得到了说明。随着水激活时间的增加，霉菌毒素的降解效率显著提高（<0.05）。AFB1、OTA 和 FB1 的降解水平显著增加（<0.05），主要发生在处理的前 10 分钟（对于 AFB1）和前 15 分钟（对于 OTA 和 FB1），记录到的 AFB1、OTA 和 FB1 的降解水平分别为 28.33%、32.14%和 34.62%和 33.80%、40.70%和 43.38%，在 60 分钟的 PAW-30 和 PAW-60 处理后，饲料中的霉菌毒素水平明显升高。记录到检查的霉菌毒素在降解水平上有显著差异，其中 FB1 的降解水平最高。通常，PAW 对饲料成分的影响较小，而脂肪的质量仍然良好。
PAW 有可能在 10 分钟的处理后将家禽饲料中目标霉菌毒素的原始数量降低四分之一到三分之一以上，同时对饲料质量的影响很小。
