鱼饲料中霉菌毒素的存在及生物可及性

Occurrence and bioacessibility of mycotoxins in fish feed.

作者信息

Nogueira Wesclen Vilar, de Oliveira Francine Kerstner, Marimón Sibaja Karen Vanessa, Garcia Sabrina de Oliveira, Kupski Larine, de Souza Manuel Macedo, Tesser Marcelo Borges, Garda-Buffon Jaqueline

机构信息

Escola de Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande , Rio Grande, Brazil.

Intituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande , Rio Grande, Brazil.

出版信息

Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill. 2020 Dec;13(4):244-251. doi: 10.1080/19393210.2020.1766577. Epub 2020 Jul 9.

DOI:10.1080/19393210.2020.1766577

PMID:32643592

Abstract

In this study Aflatoxin B (AFB), ochratoxin A (OTA) and zearalenone (ZEN) occurrence in fish feed, regarding its chemical composition, were investigated. Besides, AFB bioaccessibility to fish was evaluated by in vitro digestion. Mycotoxins were extracted by QuEChERS and quantified by HPLC-FLD. Results showed that 93.3% of the samples were contaminated at maximum levels of 16.5, 31.6, and 322 µg/kg in the cases of AFB, OTA, and ZEN, respectively. A positive correlation between OTA, ZEN contamination, and lipid content was observed. Risk estimation of feed consumption by fish at the highest levels of AFB, OTA, and ZEN shows that the younger the fish, the higher the risk of exposure to mycotoxins. The AFB bioaccessibility assay showed that 85% of this mycotoxin may be absorbed by fish. Therefore, establishing maximum levels in the fishing sector is fundamental to contribute to feed quality and nutritional safety of fish species.

摘要

在本研究中，针对鱼饲料的化学成分，对黄曲霉毒素B（AFB）、赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）和玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEN）的存在情况进行了调查。此外，通过体外消化评估了AFB对鱼的生物可及性。霉菌毒素采用QuEChERS方法提取，并用高效液相色谱-荧光检测器（HPLC-FLD）进行定量。结果表明，分别有93.3%的样品被污染，AFB、OTA和ZEN的最高含量分别为16.5、31.6和322 µg/kg。观察到OTA、ZEN污染与脂质含量之间呈正相关。对鱼在AFB、OTA和ZEN最高含量水平下饲料消费的风险估计表明，鱼越年幼，接触霉菌毒素的风险越高。AFB生物可及性试验表明，这种霉菌毒素的85%可能会被鱼吸收。因此，在渔业部门设定最高含量对于提高鱼类饲料质量和营养安全至关重要。