Centre for Food and Nutrition Research, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, P.O. Box 6163, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Food Science and Metabolism, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
J Environ Public Health. 2022 Jun 11;2022:5541049. doi: 10.1155/2022/5541049. eCollection 2022.
Consumption of chicken and eggs contaminated by mycotoxins could lead to a public health concern. This study was conducted to evaluate the dietary exposure of populations to aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA) through these poultry products in the three most urbanized regions of Cameroon (Centre, Littoral, and West). A survey was firstly carried out to know about the consumption frequency by the different population age groups as well as their awareness about mycotoxins. Chicken feed, broiler, and eggs were collected from modern poultry farms. AFs and OTA were analysed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and dietary exposure was evaluated using a deterministic approach. From the 900 households questioned, a daily consumption frequency of chicken and eggs was the most reported (41% and 69%, respectively), with populations having a very weak knowledge of mycotoxins and their associated health risk (18%). Mean concentrations of AFs, AFB, and OTA in poultry tissues were below the established regulated limits (20 g/kg for AFs, 10 g/kg for AFB, and 5 g/kg for OTA) in feeds. These toxins were detected at average concentrations of 1800 and 966.7 g/kg for AFs in chicken muscle and egg, respectively, and 1400 and 1933.3 g/kg for OTA in muscle and egg, respectively. Based on the survey, their estimated daily intakes through these poultry products tended to be lower than the limits 1 and 100 g/kg bw/day for AFB and OTA, respectively). The margins of exposure (MOE) of the different population age groups to AFB and OTA obtained suggest that the public health concern associated with the presence of mycotoxins in poultry products shall not be underestimated.
食用受真菌毒素污染的鸡肉和鸡蛋可能会引起公共健康问题。本研究旨在评估喀麦隆三个城市化程度最高的地区（中部、滨海和西部）人群通过这些家禽产品摄入黄曲霉毒素（AFs）和赭曲霉毒素 A（OTA）的饮食暴露情况。首先进行了一项调查，以了解不同年龄组人群的消费频率以及他们对真菌毒素的认识。从现代家禽养殖场收集了鸡饲料、肉鸡和鸡蛋。使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）分析 AFs 和 OTA，采用确定性方法评估饮食暴露情况。在所调查的 900 户家庭中，鸡肉和鸡蛋的日消费频率最高（分别为 41%和 69%），但人群对真菌毒素及其相关健康风险的了解非常薄弱（18%）。家禽组织中 AFs、AFB 和 OTA 的平均浓度均低于饲料中规定的限量（AFs 为 20μg/kg，AFB 为 10μg/kg，OTA 为 5μg/kg）。这些毒素在鸡肉肌肉和鸡蛋中的平均浓度分别为 1800 和 966.7μg/kg，OTA 在肌肉和鸡蛋中的平均浓度分别为 1400 和 1933.3μg/kg。根据调查结果，通过这些家禽产品估计的每日摄入量往往低于 AFB 和 OTA 的限量 1 和 100μg/kg bw/day）。不同年龄组人群对 AFB 和 OTA 的暴露量（MOE）表明，不应低估与家禽产品中真菌毒素存在相关的公共健康问题。
