Kim Hyunseong, Hong Jin Young, Lee Junseon, Yeo Changhwan, Jeon Wan-Jin, Lee Yoon Jae, Ha In-Hyuk
Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, 135-896, South Korea.
Heliyon. 2024 Jan 4;10(2):e24033. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24033. eCollection 2024 Jan 30.
Immune responses must be strictly regulated to prevent autoimmune and infectious diseases and to protect against infectious agents. As people age, their immunity wanes, leading to a decrease in lymphocyte production in bone marrow and thymus and a decline in the efficacy of mature lymphocytes in secondary lymphoid organs. This study explores the immune-boosting potential of (YGD) in enhancing the immune system by activating immune cells. In our experiments, cyclophosphamide (Cy) treatment led to a significant decrease in primary splenocyte viability. However, subsequent treatment with YGD significantly improved cell viability, with doses ranging between 1 and 25 μg/mL in Cy-treated splenocytes. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that the Cy group exhibited reduced positivity of CD3 T cells and CD45 leukocytes compared to the blank group. In contrast, treatment with YGD led to a notable, dose-responsive increase in these immune cell types. In our experiments, YGD was orally administered to Cy-induced immunosuppressed mice at 20 and 100 mg/kg doses for 10 days. The results indicated a dose-dependent elevation in immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM levels in the serum, emphasizing the immunostimulatory effect of YGD. Furthermore, the Cy-treated group showed decreased T cells, B (CD19) cells, and leukocytes in the total splenocyte population. Yet, YGD treatment resulted in a dose-dependent reversal of this pattern, suggesting its ability to counter immunosuppression. Notably, YGD was found to effectively stimulate T (CD4 and CD8) lymphocyte subsets and natural killer cells, along with enhancing Th1/Th2 cytokines in immunosuppressed conditions. These outcomes correlated with the modulation of BCL-2 and BAX expression, which are critical for apoptosis. In conclusion, YGD has the potential to bolster immune functionality through the activation of immune cells, thereby enhancing the immune system's capacity to combat diseases and improve overall health and wellness.
免疫反应必须受到严格调控，以预防自身免疫性疾病和感染性疾病，并抵御感染因子。随着人们年龄的增长，他们的免疫力会下降，导致骨髓和胸腺中淋巴细胞生成减少，以及次级淋巴器官中成熟淋巴细胞的功效降低。本研究探讨了（YGD）通过激活免疫细胞来增强免疫系统的免疫增强潜力。在我们的实验中，环磷酰胺（Cy）处理导致原代脾细胞活力显著下降。然而，随后用YGD处理显著提高了细胞活力，在经Cy处理的脾细胞中剂量范围为1至25μg/mL。流式细胞术分析表明，与空白组相比，Cy组的CD3 T细胞和CD45白细胞阳性率降低。相比之下，用YGD处理导致这些免疫细胞类型显著的、剂量依赖性增加。在我们的实验中，以20和100mg/kg的剂量给Cy诱导的免疫抑制小鼠口服YGD，持续10天。结果表明血清中免疫球蛋白（Ig）G和IgM水平呈剂量依赖性升高，强调了YGD的免疫刺激作用。此外，Cy处理组的总脾细胞群体中的T细胞、B（CD19）细胞和白细胞减少。然而，YGD处理导致这种模式呈剂量依赖性逆转，表明其具有对抗免疫抑制的能力。值得注意的是，发现YGD能有效刺激T（CD4和CD8）淋巴细胞亚群和自然杀伤细胞，同时在免疫抑制条件下增强Th1/Th2细胞因子。这些结果与BCL-2和BAX表达的调节相关，这对细胞凋亡至关重要。总之，YGD有潜力通过激活免疫细胞来增强免疫功能，从而提高免疫系统对抗疾病的能力，并改善整体健康状况。
