Grion Beatriz Alessandra Rudi, Fonseca Paula Luize Camargos, Kato Rodrigo Bentes, García Glen Jasper Yupanqui, Vaz Aline Bruna Martins, Jiménez Beatriz Nafría, Dambolenea Ainhoa Lapitz, Garcia-Etxebarria Koldo, Brenig Bertram, Azevedo Vasco, Bujanda Luis, Banales Jesus M, Góes-Neto Aristóteles
Laboratory of Molecular and Computational Biology of Fungi, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Integrative Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Jan 11;14:1292490. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1292490. eCollection 2023.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) commonly arises in individuals with premalignant colon lesions known as polyps, with both conditions being influenced by gut microbiota. Host-related factors and inherent characteristics of polyps and tumors may contribute to microbiome variability, potentially acting as confounding factors in the discovery of taxonomic biomarkers for both conditions. In this study we employed shotgun metagenomics to analyze the taxonomic diversity of bacteria present in fecal samples of 90 clinical subjects (comprising 30 CRC patients, 30 with polyps and 30 controls). Our findings revealed a decrease in taxonomic richness among individuals with polyps and CRC, with significant dissimilarities observed among the study groups. We identified significant alterations in the abundance of specific taxa associated with polyps (Streptococcaceae, , and ) and CRC (Lactobacillales, Clostridiaceae, , SFB, , and ). Clostridiaceae exhibited significantly lower abundance in the early stages of CRC. Additionally, our study revealed a positive co-occurrence among underrepresented genera in CRC, while demonstrating a negative co-occurrence between and , suggesting potential antagonistic relationships. Moreover, we observed variations in taxonomic richness and/or abundance within the polyp and CRC bacteriome linked to polyp size, tumor stage, dyslipidemia, diabetes with metformin use, sex, age, and family history of CRC. These findings provide potential new biomarkers to enhance early CRC diagnosis while also demonstrating how intrinsic host factors contribute to establishing a heterogeneous microbiome in patients with CRC and polyps.
结直肠癌（CRC）通常发生在患有称为息肉的癌前结肠病变的个体中，这两种情况都受肠道微生物群的影响。宿主相关因素以及息肉和肿瘤的固有特征可能导致微生物组的变异性，这可能在发现这两种疾病的分类学生物标志物时成为混杂因素。在本研究中，我们采用鸟枪法宏基因组学来分析90名临床受试者（包括30名CRC患者、30名息肉患者和30名对照）粪便样本中存在的细菌的分类多样性。我们的研究结果显示，息肉患者和CRC患者的分类丰富度降低，各研究组之间存在显著差异。我们确定了与息肉（链球菌科、 、和 ）和CRC（乳杆菌目、梭菌科、 、梭状芽孢杆菌属、 、和 ）相关的特定分类群丰度的显著变化。梭菌科在CRC早期阶段的丰度显著较低。此外，我们的研究显示CRC中代表性不足的属之间存在正共现关系，而 和 之间呈现负共现关系，表明可能存在拮抗关系。此外，我们观察到息肉和CRC细菌组内的分类丰富度和/或丰度与息肉大小、肿瘤分期、血脂异常、使用二甲双胍的糖尿病、性别、年龄以及CRC家族史有关。这些发现提供了潜在的新生物标志物，以加强CRC的早期诊断，同时也展示了内在宿主因素如何促成CRC和息肉患者中异质性微生物组的形成。
