ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, 342003, India.
ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India.
Curr Microbiol. 2024 Jan 31;81(3):84. doi: 10.1007/s00284-023-03606-4.
Drought is a global phenomenon affecting plant growth and productivity, the severity of which has impacts around the whole world. A number of approaches, such as agronomic, conventional breeding, and genetic engineering, are followed to increase drought resilience; however, they are often time consuming and non-sustainable. Plant growth-promoting microorganisms are used worldwide to mitigate drought stress in crop plants. These microorganisms exhibit multifarious traits, which not only help in improving plant and soil health, but also demonstrate capabilities in ameliorating drought stress. The present review highlights various adaptive strategies shown by these microbes in improving drought resilience, such as modulation of various growth hormones and osmoprotectant levels, modification of root morphology, exopolysaccharide production, and prevention of oxidative damage. Gene expression patterns providing an adaptive edge for further amelioration of drought stress have also been studied in detail. Furthermore, the practical applications of these microorganisms in soil are highlighted, emphasizing their potential to increase crop productivity without compromising long-term soil health. This review provides a comprehensive coverage of plant growth-promoting microorganisms-mediated drought mitigation strategies, insights into gene expression patterns, and practical applications, while also guiding future research directions.
干旱是一种影响植物生长和生产力的全球性现象，其严重程度对全球各地都有影响。为了提高植物的抗旱能力，人们采用了许多方法，如农业、常规育种和基因工程；然而，这些方法往往耗时且不可持续。植物促生微生物在全世界范围内被用于减轻作物植物的干旱胁迫。这些微生物表现出多种特性，不仅有助于改善植物和土壤健康，还具有缓解干旱胁迫的能力。本综述重点介绍了这些微生物在提高抗旱能力方面表现出的各种适应策略，如调节各种生长激素和渗透保护剂水平、改变根形态、产生胞外多糖和防止氧化损伤。还详细研究了为进一步缓解干旱胁迫提供适应优势的基因表达模式。此外，还强调了这些微生物在土壤中的实际应用，强调了它们在不损害长期土壤健康的情况下提高作物生产力的潜力。本综述全面涵盖了植物促生微生物介导的干旱缓解策略、基因表达模式的见解以及实际应用，同时也为未来的研究方向提供了指导。
