中国老年癌症患者 COVID-19 加强针接种率低：一项多中心横断面研究。
Low uptake of COVID-19 booster doses among elderly cancer patients in China: A multicentre cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Clinical Research Academy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
出版信息
J Glob Health. 2024 Feb 2;14:05010. doi: 10.7189/jogh.14.05010.
BACKGROUND
Vaccination is a crucial measure to control the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The elderly and cancer populations both are more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 and have higher mortality. However, the uptake of COVID-19 vaccine booster doses among elderly cancer patients remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associates of COVID-19 vaccine booster doses uptake in elderly cancer patients.
METHODS
A multi-center cross-sectional survey was conducted in four general populations of China province from April to June 2022. Demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as COVID-19 vaccination status and reasons for not uptake booster doses, were collected through face-to-face interviews and medical records. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed to explore the associates of the first COVID-19 booster dose vaccination uptake of cancer patients.
RESULTS
A total of 893 cancer patients were eventually included in this study, of which 279 (31.24%) were aged 65 or older and 614 (68.76%) were under 65 years old. The proportion of the first COVID-19 vaccine booster dose among cancer patients aged 65 and above was lower than among adults aged 65 (23.66 vs. 31.92%). Factors affecting individual-level variables among the aged 65 and above cancer patients group whether to uptake the first COVID-19 booster dose were negative attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccine booster dose, perceived subjective norm, perceived behavioural control, and other types of chronic disease. There is no significant difference in the incidence of related adverse reactions between the two age groups (P = 0.19).
CONCLUSIONS
Low uptake of COVID-19 vaccine booster doses among elderly cancer patients is a significant concern and implies high susceptibility and high fatality when facing the emergence of SARS Cov-2 outbreak. Efforts to improve vaccine education and accessibility, particularly in rural areas, may help increase uptake and reduce the spread of SARS-Cov-2.
背景
接种疫苗是控制 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行传播的重要措施。老年人和癌症患者均更容易感染 SARS-CoV-2，且死亡率更高。然而，老年人癌症患者接种 COVID-19 疫苗加强针的情况尚不清楚。本研究旨在调查老年癌症患者 COVID-19 疫苗加强针接种的流行情况及其相关因素。
方法
本研究采用多中心横断面调查方法，于 2022 年 4 月至 6 月在中国四个省的普通人群中进行。通过面对面访谈和病历收集人口统计学和临床特征，以及 COVID-19 疫苗接种情况和未接种加强针的原因。采用多变量逻辑回归模型探讨癌症患者首次 COVID-19 加强针接种的相关因素。
结果
本研究共纳入 893 例癌症患者，其中 279 例（31.24%）年龄≥65 岁，614 例（68.76%）年龄<65 岁。≥65 岁癌症患者中首次 COVID-19 疫苗加强针的比例低于 65 岁成年人（23.66% vs. 31.92%）。影响≥65 岁癌症患者个体变量是否接种首次 COVID-19 加强针的因素为对 COVID-19 疫苗加强针的负面态度、感知主观规范、感知行为控制和其他类型的慢性病。两组的相关不良反应发生率无显著差异（P=0.19）。
结论
老年癌症患者 COVID-19 疫苗加强针接种率低令人关注，这意味着在出现 SARS-CoV-2 疫情时，他们易感性高、死亡率高。努力加强疫苗教育和可及性，特别是在农村地区，可能有助于提高接种率，减少 SARS-CoV-2 的传播。
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