Chikwendu Amaike, Unikutelle Harry Libby, Olumide Afolaranmi Tolulope
Department of Community Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Department of Community Medicine, Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Pan Afr Med J. 2023 Nov 13;46:82. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2023.46.82.40530. eCollection 2023.
hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and hepatitis c virus (HCV) affect millions of people globally. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at increased risk of infection due to occupation exposures where the viruses are spread mainly through needle stick injuries and exposure to infected blood and body fluid. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of viral hepatitis among patients and the practices of HCWs.
this study involved a 5-years retrospective review of laboratory results of patients for HBV and HCV in addition to a questionnaire-based assessment of the preventive practices of 103 HCWs on HBV and HCV. Data was analyzed using SPSS.
the prevalence of HBV among the patients was 12.6% and 15.2% for HCV while the prevalence among the HCWs was 6.6% for HBV and 6.5% for HCV. About 60% of the HCWs had good overall preventive practices for viral hepatitis. Among the HCWs, 29.28% dropped needles in sharp containers after use, 53.5% recapped needles, 21.4% reused needles, 36.9% did not practice regular hand washing, and 53.4% completed the doses for HBV vaccine.
there is high prevalence of HBV and HCV among the patients and the HCWs. This increases the occupational risk of infection with the viruses among HCWs. We recommend that more enlightenments and trainings be done for the HCWs to enable them take appropriate measures to protect themselves. Also, HCWs should provide HBV and HCV screening to patients accessing care and those found positive should be linked to care and treatment.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）在全球影响着数百万人。医护人员由于职业暴露而面临更高的感染风险，这些病毒主要通过针刺伤以及接触受感染的血液和体液传播。本研究的目的是评估患者中病毒性肝炎的患病率以及医护人员的行为习惯。
本研究对患者的HBV和HCV实验室结果进行了为期5年的回顾性分析，此外还对103名医护人员针对HBV和HCV的预防行为进行了问卷调查评估。数据使用SPSS进行分析。
患者中HBV的患病率为12.6%，HCV为15.2%；而医护人员中HBV的患病率为6.6%，HCV为6.5%。约60%的医护人员对病毒性肝炎有良好的总体预防行为。在医护人员中，29.28%在使用后将针头放入锐器盒，53.5%重新盖帽针头，21.4%重复使用针头，36.9%没有定期洗手，53.4%完成了乙肝疫苗接种剂量。
患者和医护人员中HBV和HCV的患病率较高。这增加了医护人员感染这些病毒的职业风险。我们建议对医护人员进行更多的宣传和培训，使他们能够采取适当措施保护自己。此外，医护人员应对就诊患者进行HBV和HCV筛查，检测呈阳性者应接受治疗。
