French National Institute of Health and Medical Research.
French Southeastern Health Regional Observatory.
J Health Polit Policy Law. 2024 Aug 1;49(4):567-598. doi: 10.1215/03616878-11186095.
In 2021, French health authorities strongly promoted vaccination against COVID-19. The authors assumed that refusing this vaccine became a stigma, and they investigated potential public stigma toward unvaccinated people among the French population.
A representative sample of the French adult population (N = 2,015) completed an online questionnaire in September 2021. The authors focused on participants who were already vaccinated against COVID-19 or intended to get vaccinated (N = 1,742). A cluster analysis was used to obtain contrasted attitudinal profiles, and the authors investigated associated factors with logistic regressions.
Regarding attitudes toward unvaccinated people, a majority of respondents supported several pejorative statements, and a significant minority also endorsed social rejection attitudes. The authors found four contrasting attitudinal profiles: moral condemnation only (32% of respondents), full stigma (26%), no stigma (26%), and stigma rejection (16%). Early vaccination, civic motives for it, faith in science, rejection of political extremes, and being aged 65 or older were the main factors associated with stigmatizing attitudes toward unvaccinated people.
The authors found some evidence of stigmatization toward unvaccinated people, but further research is needed, especially to investigate perceived stigmatization among them. The authors discuss their results with reference to the concept of "folk devils" and from a public health perspective.
2021 年，法国卫生当局大力提倡接种 COVID-19 疫苗。作者假设拒绝接种该疫苗成为一种耻辱，因此他们调查了法国民众中针对未接种人群的潜在公众耻辱感。
2021 年 9 月，对法国成年人口的代表性样本（N=2015）进行了在线问卷调查。作者重点关注了已经接种 COVID-19 疫苗或打算接种疫苗的参与者（N=1742）。使用聚类分析获得对比态度特征，并通过逻辑回归调查相关因素。
关于对未接种人群的态度，大多数受访者支持几种贬低性陈述，而少数人也表示支持社会排斥态度。作者发现了四种对比态度特征：仅道德谴责（32%的受访者）、全面耻辱感（26%）、无耻辱感（26%）和排斥耻辱感（16%）。早期接种、接种的公民动机、对科学的信仰、对政治极端的拒绝以及年龄在 65 岁或以上是与对未接种人群产生污名化态度相关的主要因素。
作者发现了一些针对未接种人群的污名化证据，但需要进一步研究，特别是要调查他们对污名化的看法。作者参考“民间恶魔”的概念，并从公共卫生的角度讨论了他们的结果。
