Mawardi Mira, Indrawati Agustin, Lusiastuti Angela Mariana, Wibawan I Wayan Teguh
Division of Medical Microbiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Jl. Agatis Kampus IPB Dramaga Bogor, Jawa Barat, 16680 Indonesia.
Government of Indonesia Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Main Center for Freshwater Aquaculture - Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Jl. Selabintana No. 37, Selabatu, Kec. Cikole, Kota Sukabumi, Jawa Barat 43114, Indonesia.
Vet World. 2023 Dec;16(12):2504-2514. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.2504-2514. Epub 2023 Dec 25.
The rapid development of aquaculture as a major food sector is accompanied by challenges, including diseases that affect tilapia farming worldwide. One such infectious disease caused by poses a serious threat to tilapia populations. Probiotics have emerged as a potentially safe preventive measure against infection. However, antimicrobial resistance from antibiotic-resistant bacteria remains a concern because it can lead to the spread of resistant bacteria and serve as a reservoir of antibiotic-resistant genes in fishes and the surrounding environment. This study aimed to identify candidate probiotic bacteria capable of promoting tilapia growth, providing resistance to infection, devoid of potential pathogenicity, and free from antibiotic resistance genes. Subsequently, the performance of these probiotic candidates in tilapia was evaluated.
spp., and were examined to assess their antibacterial properties, hemolytic patterns, and antibiotic resistance genes. We used the specific primers , , , , , , , and that were used for antibiotic resistance gene detection. probiotic efficacy was evaluated by administering probiotic candidates in tilapia feed at a concentration of 1 × 10 colonies/mL/50 g of feed over a 60-day maintenance period. Resistance to infection was observed for 14 days after the challenge test.
, , and spp. were identified as promising probiotic candidates among the bacterial isolates. On the other hand, , , and carried resistance genes and exhibited a β hemolytic pattern, rendering them unsuitable as probiotic candidates. The selected probiotic candidates (, , and spp.) demonstrated the potential to enhance tilapia growth, exhibited no pathogenic tendencies, and were free from antibiotic resistance genes. Supplementation with and spp. enhanced tilapia resistance to infection, whereas supplementation showed an insignificant survival rate compared with controls after the challenge test period.
Probiotics, particularly , and spp., enhance growth and resistance against infection, without harboring antibiotic resistance genes. Selecting probiotic candidates based on antibiotic resistance genes is essential to ensure the safety of fish, the environment, and human health.
水产养殖作为一个主要的食品领域迅速发展，同时也伴随着各种挑战，包括影响全球罗非鱼养殖的疾病。由[病原体名称未给出]引起的一种此类传染病对罗非鱼种群构成严重威胁。益生菌已成为一种潜在的安全预防措施，可抵御[病原体名称未给出]感染。然而，来自抗生素抗性细菌的抗微生物耐药性仍然令人担忧，因为它可导致抗性细菌传播，并成为鱼类及周围环境中抗生素抗性基因的储存库。本研究旨在鉴定能够促进罗非鱼生长、提供对[病原体名称未给出]感染的抗性、无潜在致病性且无抗生素抗性基因的候选益生菌。随后，评估了这些候选益生菌在罗非鱼中的性能。
对[细菌名称未给出]、[细菌名称未给出]和[细菌名称未给出]进行检测，以评估它们的抗菌特性、溶血模式和抗生素抗性基因。我们使用了用于抗生素抗性基因检测的特异性引物[引物名称未给出]、[引物名称未给出]、[引物名称未给出]、[引物名称未给出]、[引物名称未给出]、[引物名称未给出]、[引物名称未给出]和[引物名称未给出]。通过在罗非鱼饲料中以1×10菌落/毫升/50克饲料的浓度添加候选益生菌，在60天的饲养期内评估益生菌功效。在攻毒试验后观察14天对[病原体名称未给出]感染的抗性。
[细菌名称未给出]、[细菌名称未给出]和[细菌名称未给出]被鉴定为细菌分离物中有前景的候选益生菌。另一方面，[细菌名称未给出]、[细菌名称未给出]和[细菌名称未给出]携带抗性基因并表现出β溶血模式，使其不适合作为候选益生菌。所选的候选益生菌（[细菌名称未给出]、[细菌名称未给出]和[细菌名称未给出]）显示出增强罗非鱼生长的潜力，无致病倾向，且无抗生素抗性基因。添加[细菌名称未给出]和[细菌名称未给出]可增强罗非鱼对[病原体名称未给出]感染的抗性，而在攻毒试验期后，添加[细菌名称未给出]与对照组相比存活率无显著差异。
益生菌，特别是[细菌名称未给出]、[细菌名称未给出]和[细菌名称未给出]，可增强生长并抵抗[病原体名称未给出]感染，且不携带抗生素抗性基因。基于抗生素抗性基因选择候选益生菌对于确保鱼类、环境和人类健康的安全至关重要。
