Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; and.
Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2024 May;21(5):759-766. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202307-607OC.
Particulate matter (PM) exposure exacerbates health outcomes by causing lung damage. To investigate whether prior exposure to particulate matter ⩽10 μm and ⩽2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM and PM) was associated with clinical outcomes among patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Data from the nationwide registration database of the National Health Insurance and Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency in South Korea were used. The study included adult patients who were admitted to monitoring centers or hospitals between October 8, 2020 and December 31, 2021, after COVID-19 confirmation. AirKOREA database, which compiles air pollutant data from 642 stations in 162 cities and counties across South Korea, was used to extract data on PM levels. Average values of monthly exposure to PM and PM from the year previous to hospital admission because of COVID-19 to the date of confirmation of COVID-19 were calculated and used to define PM exposures of patients with COVID-19. In total, 322,289 patients with COVID-19 were included, and 4,633 (1.4%) died during hospitalization. After adjusting for covariates, a 1-μg/m increase in PM and PM exposure was associated with 4% (odds ratio [OR], 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.05; < 0.001) and 6% (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.04-1.07; < 0.001) increase in the risk of in-hospital mortality, respectively. In addition, a 1-μg/m increase in PM and PM was associated with 5% (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.04-1.07; < 0.001) and 8% (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.06-1.10; < 0.001) increase in the risks of requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mechanical ventilation, respectively. PM and PM exposure was associated with increased in-hospital mortality and the need for ICU admission and mechanical ventilation among patients with COVID-19 in South Korea.
颗粒物（PM）暴露会导致肺部损伤，从而恶化健康状况。本研究旨在探讨先前暴露于空气动力学直径（PM 和 PM）分别为 ⩽10 μm 和 ⩽2.5 μm 的颗粒物是否与冠状病毒病（COVID-19）患者的临床结局相关。本研究使用了来自韩国全国健康保险和疾病控制与预防机构的全国注册数据库的数据。该研究纳入了 2020 年 10 月 8 日至 2021 年 12 月 31 日期间 COVID-19 确诊后入住监测中心或医院的成年患者。本研究使用了韩国 162 个城市和郡的 642 个站点组成的 AirKOREA 数据库来提取 PM 水平数据。从 COVID-19 住院前一年到 COVID-19 确诊日期，计算患者每月暴露于 PM 和 PM 的平均值，并将其用于定义 COVID-19 患者的 PM 暴露情况。共纳入了 322289 例 COVID-19 患者，其中 4633 例（1.4%）在住院期间死亡。在调整了混杂因素后，PM 和 PM 暴露量增加 1μg/m，与住院期间死亡风险分别增加 4%（比值比[OR]，1.04；95%置信区间[CI]，1.03-1.05； < 0.001）和 6%（OR，1.06；95% CI，1.04-1.07； < 0.001）相关。此外，PM 和 PM 暴露量增加 1μg/m，与入住重症监护病房（ICU）和机械通气的风险分别增加 5%（OR，1.05；95% CI，1.04-1.07； < 0.001）和 8%（OR，1.08；95% CI，1.06-1.10； < 0.001）相关。在韩国 COVID-19 患者中，PM 和 PM 暴露与住院期间死亡率增加以及入住 ICU 和机械通气的需求相关。
