Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Research and Development, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway; Alcohol & Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway; Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Sleep Med. 2024 Mar;115:30-38. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.01.021. Epub 2024 Jan 28.
The association between sleep duration and mental illness has been established in middle-aged and older populations, yet remains less explored in younger adults. Additionally, a common limitation to existing studies is the lack of statistical power to explore less common disorders. The purpose of this study was to examine sleep duration as a predictor for a range of mental disorders and well-being in a longitudinal sample of young adults.
Data were derived from two waves (w1, w2) of the SHoT survey, which invited all full-time university and college students in Norway. The response rates were 34.4 % (n = 62,498) in 2021 (w1) and 35.1 % (n = 59,554) 2022 (w2). This study utilized a nested longitudinal sample from both w1 and w2, encompassing 21,289 students. Demographics, sleep duration (w1), and mental health (w2) were measured by self-report questionnaires. Sex-stratified linear regression models and log-link binomial regression analyses were employed to determine the proportion and calculate the risk ratios, respectively, for mental illness across different sleep duration categories.
The mean age of the sample was 24.8 years ± 4.5 years (w1). Students with shorter sleep durations, and to some degree longer sleep durations (illustrating a ᒐ-shaped association), exhibited a higher risk for all assessed mental disorders and well-being outcomes one year later, compared to students sleeping 8-9 h. The ᒐ-shaped trend was consistent for both female and male students.
Sleep duration appears to be a transdiagnostic marker for mental health in young adults.
睡眠时长与精神疾病之间的关联已在中年及以上人群中得到证实，但在年轻成年人中研究较少。此外，现有研究的一个常见局限性是缺乏统计能力来探索不太常见的疾病。本研究旨在探讨睡眠时长作为预测年轻成年人一系列精神障碍和幸福感的指标。
数据来自挪威全时大学生和大学生的 SHoT 调查的两个波次（w1、w2）。2021 年（w1）的回复率为 34.4%（n=62498），2022 年（w2）为 35.1%（n=59554）。本研究利用了来自 w1 和 w2 的嵌套纵向样本，共包含 21289 名学生。性别分层线性回归模型和对数链接二项式回归分析用于确定不同睡眠时长类别下精神疾病的比例，并计算风险比。
样本的平均年龄为 24.8 岁±4.5 岁（w1）。与睡眠时间为 8-9 小时的学生相比，睡眠时间较短和睡眠时间较长的学生（呈现出“U 形”关联），一年后所有评估的精神障碍和幸福感结果的风险更高。这种“U 形”趋势在女性和男性学生中均一致。
睡眠时长似乎是年轻成年人心理健康的一个跨诊断标志物。
