Jeergal Prabhakar A, Jeergal Vasanti A, Fatma Samreen, Singh Arpanna, Sharma Rohit, Sale Madhuri S
Department of Oral Pathology, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences, Faridabad, IND.
Department of General Medicine, Srinivas Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mangaluru, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Jan 9;16(1):e51938. doi: 10.7759/cureus.51938. eCollection 2024 Jan.
Epstein-Barr virus, human papillomavirus (HPV), and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) are examples of viruses that have been associated with the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). These viruses can infect various epithelial tissues in the human body. The use of incredibly accurate cellular biology techniques, such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which permits the rapid identification of viruses following infection, has increased. The parameters of human head and neck oncology have been widened.
In this study, using the PCR, the presence of HPV variants such as HPV 18 and HPV 16 in patients with OSCC was assessed.
Tissue specimens were obtained from clinically presumed OSCC individuals taken as cases, and tissues from the retromolar region were obtained from people who experienced an operation for partially and completely impacted tooth and taken as controls. The study included 80 samples divided into two separate categories: case category (n = 40) = OSCC-diagnosed individuals; control category (n = 40) = controls with a comparable age. For verification of the diagnosis, a specimen of the tissue has been processed and sections have been stained and inspected for standard hematoxylin and eosin stain. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from the leftover histopathologically verified tissue specimens and then exposed to PCR for the assessment of HPV infiltration.
It was observed in this research that 22 cases out of 40 cases of OSCC were found positive for HPV-DNA. While 12 out of 40 age-matched healthy controls were found positive for HPV-DNA. Out of 40 cases of OSCC, 12 cases were found positive for HPV 16. While six out of 40 age-matched healthy controls were found positive for HPV 16. Six cases out of 40 cases of OSCC were found positive for HPV 16. While two out of 40 age-matched healthy controls were found positive for HPV 18. Four cases out of 40 cases of OSCC were found positive for HPV 16. While four out of 40 age-matched healthy controls were found positive for HPV 16 and HPV 18. On carrying out statistical analysis, the variation between the two categories was non-meaningful statistically (p = 0.662). However, the prevalence was greater in the case (OSCC) subgroup.
When evaluated against controls in the current investigation, OSCC cases had a greater level of HPV expression and a greater proportion of HPV 16 positives. However, there was no statistically noteworthy change.
爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒、人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）和1型单纯疱疹病毒（HSV-1）是与口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）发生相关的病毒实例。这些病毒可感染人体的各种上皮组织。聚合酶链反应（PCR）等极其精确的细胞生物学技术的应用有所增加，该技术可在感染后快速鉴定病毒。人类头颈肿瘤学的参数范围已经扩大。
在本研究中，使用PCR评估OSCC患者中HPV 18和HPV 16等HPV变体的存在情况。
从临床诊断为OSCC的个体获取组织标本作为病例组，从因部分或完全阻生牙接受手术的人群中获取磨牙后区组织作为对照组。该研究包括80个样本，分为两个独立类别：病例组（n = 40）=确诊为OSCC的个体；对照组（n = 40）=年龄匹配的对照者。为验证诊断，对组织标本进行处理，切片进行苏木精和伊红标准染色并检查。从经组织病理学验证的剩余组织标本中提取脱氧核糖核酸（DNA），然后进行PCR以评估HPV浸润情况。
本研究观察到，40例OSCC病例中有22例HPV-DNA检测呈阳性。而40例年龄匹配的健康对照者中有12例HPV-DNA检测呈阳性。40例OSCC病例中，12例HPV 16检测呈阳性。而40例年龄匹配的健康对照者中有6例HPV 16检测呈阳性。40例OSCC病例中有6例HPV 18检测呈阳性。而40例年龄匹配的健康对照者中有2例HPV 18检测呈阳性。40例OSCC病例中有4例HPV 16和HPV 18检测呈阳性。而40例年龄匹配的健康对照者中有4例HPV 16和HPV 18检测呈阳性。进行统计分析时发现，两组之间的差异在统计学上无意义（p = 0.662）。然而，病例（OSCC）亚组中的患病率更高。
在当前研究中与对照组相比，OSCC病例的HPV表达水平更高，HPV 16阳性比例更高。然而，在统计学上没有显著变化。
