Rivera César, Venegas Bernardo
Unit of Histology and Embryology, Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile ; Biomedical Sciences Master Program, Oral Pathology Mention, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
Unit of Oral Pathology, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
Oncol Lett. 2014 Jul;8(1):7-11. doi: 10.3892/ol.2014.2103. Epub 2014 Apr 29.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents 95% of all forms of head and neck cancer, and over the last decade its incidence has increased by 50%. Oral carcinogenesis is a multistage process, which simultaneously involves precancerous lesions, invasion and metastasis. Degradation of the cell cycle and the proliferation of malignant cells results in the loss of control mechanisms that ensure the normal function of tissues. The aim of the current review is to present the histopathological features of OSCC, including potentially malignant changes, the international classification of tumors, the tumor invasion front and tumor biomarkers (Ki-67, p53, homeobox genes and collagen type IV), as well as the tumor microenvironment and function of cancer-associated fibroblasts in the most common type of oral cancer that is encountered by dental surgeons. In OSCC, associations have been identified between the proliferation, basal lamina degradation and connective tissue modulation. Therefore, the comparison of these factors with the survival time of OSCC patients from the histopathological diagnosis is of interest.
口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）占所有头颈癌形式的95%，在过去十年中其发病率增加了50%。口腔癌发生是一个多阶段过程，同时涉及癌前病变、侵袭和转移。细胞周期的降解和恶性细胞的增殖导致确保组织正常功能的控制机制丧失。本综述的目的是介绍口腔鳞状细胞癌的组织病理学特征，包括潜在恶性变化、肿瘤的国际分类、肿瘤侵袭前沿和肿瘤生物标志物（Ki-67、p53、同源框基因和IV型胶原），以及牙科外科医生最常遇到的口腔癌类型中的肿瘤微环境和癌症相关成纤维细胞的功能。在口腔鳞状细胞癌中，已确定增殖、基膜降解和结缔组织调节之间存在关联。因此，将这些因素与口腔鳞状细胞癌患者自组织病理学诊断起的生存时间进行比较是有意义的。
