Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Didactics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
Luxmed, Medicover, Warsaw, Poland.
Ginekol Pol. 2024;95(5):356-364. doi: 10.5603/gpl.93995. Epub 2024 Feb 9.
Endometriosis is a disease that involves the ectopic growth of the endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. Its average occurrence is about 10% of women of reproductive age. Making a diagnosis of the disease is commonly long-lasting and ambiguous due to the wide variety and intensity of symptoms. The aim of the study is to determine factors affecting the quality of life of women struggling with endometriosis.
A cross-sectional study was conducted using a diagnostic survey method with the use of the author's questionnaire and the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. The study population included 650 people (group with endometriosis - 361 women and group without endometriosis - 289 women).
In the group of women with endometriosis, the mean age was significantly higher (31.87 vs 24.99). Difficulties with conception were significantly more common (51.67%) in the endometriosis group compared to 5.52% in the non-endometriosis group. In each area, the quality of life of women with endometriosis was significantly lower (p = 0.000). Women with the history of the disease of over 3 years significantly more often complained of dyspareunia (p = 0.048), bladder pain (p = 0.01) and lower back pain (p = 0.029).
Endometriosis significantly reduces women's quality of life. Factors that deteriorate the quality of life of women with endometriosis include severe pain, infertility, dyspareunia and reduced satisfaction in various spheres of life (somatic, mental, social). More research is necessary to improve the quality of life of women with endometriosis.
子宫内膜异位症是一种涉及子宫内膜组织在子宫腔外异位生长的疾病。其平均发病率约为育龄妇女的 10%。由于症状的种类繁多且强度不一，因此该病的诊断通常持续时间长且不明确。本研究旨在确定影响患有子宫内膜异位症的女性生活质量的因素。
采用横断面研究设计，使用作者自制问卷和 WHOQOL-BREF 问卷进行诊断性调查。研究人群包括 650 人（子宫内膜异位症组 361 名女性，非子宫内膜异位症组 289 名女性）。
在子宫内膜异位症组中，平均年龄明显更高（31.87 岁比 24.99 岁）。与非子宫内膜异位症组的 5.52%相比，子宫内膜异位症组中受孕困难的比例明显更高（51.67%）。在每个领域，子宫内膜异位症患者的生活质量都明显较低（p = 0.000）。患病时间超过 3 年的女性，更常抱怨性交痛（p = 0.048）、膀胱疼痛（p = 0.01）和下背痛（p = 0.029）。
子宫内膜异位症显著降低了女性的生活质量。导致子宫内膜异位症患者生活质量恶化的因素包括严重疼痛、不孕、性交痛以及各方面生活满意度下降（躯体、心理、社会）。需要进一步研究以改善子宫内膜异位症患者的生活质量。
