Department of Sport and Informatics, Section of Physical Education and Sport, Pablo de Olavide University, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
A.C.F. Fiorentina S.r.l., 50137 Florence, Italy.
Nutrients. 2024 Jan 23;16(3):334. doi: 10.3390/nu16030334.
Soccer is a game in constant evolution and the intensity of play is increasing. Nutrition can play a role in the physical performance of elite players, maintaining their health and facilitating recovery. It is important to cover players' energy demands, and low energy availability may therefore result in impaired performance. This study aimed to evaluate alterations in body composition to determine the effects of a nutritional program led by a sport nutritionist.
A group of 88 elite soccer players from a Serie A club in Italy (44 males aged 26.5 ± 3.0 years and 44 females aged 27.1 ± 5.2 years) were enrolled. To evaluate changes in body composition, bioimpedance and anthropometric measurements were obtained following the protocol of the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK).
Compared with females, males had more muscle mass and less fat mass in both seasons evaluated. Comparing the first and last seasons, the male soccer players showed increased muscle mass and decreased fat mass while the female soccer players only showed decreased fat mass.
The presence of a specialist sport nutritionist on the staff of professional soccer clubs could be important to ensure energy availability and evaluate body composition during the season.
足球是一项不断发展的运动，比赛强度也在不断提高。营养可以在精英球员的身体表现中发挥作用，保持他们的健康并促进恢复。满足运动员的能量需求很重要，因此能量供应不足可能会导致表现受损。本研究旨在评估身体成分的变化，以确定由运动营养师领导的营养计划的效果。
从意大利一家甲级俱乐部招募了 88 名精英足球运动员（44 名男性，年龄 26.5 ± 3.0 岁，44 名女性，年龄 27.1 ± 5.2 岁）。为了评估身体成分的变化，采用国际运动人体科学协会（ISAK）的方案进行了生物电阻抗和人体测量测量。
与女性相比，男性在两个赛季中都有更多的肌肉量和更少的脂肪量。与第一个赛季相比，男性足球运动员的肌肉量增加，脂肪量减少，而女性足球运动员的脂肪量仅减少。
在职业足球俱乐部的工作人员中配备专业的运动营养师可能对确保赛季期间的能量供应和评估身体成分很重要。
