Doctoral Program in Nutrition and Health Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Nutrients. 2024 Feb 5;16(3):460. doi: 10.3390/nu16030460.
Nutrient-dense, acceptable foods are needed in low-resource settings. Rice bran, a global staple byproduct of white rice processing, is rich in amino acids, fibers, and vitamins, when compared to other cereal brans. This pilot study examines the nutritional contribution of rice bran to the daily diets of mother-child pairs in rural southwest Guatemala. Thirty households were screened. Mothers (≥18 years) and children (6 to 24 months) completed 24 h dietary recalls at baseline and after 12 weeks (endline) for diet intake and diversity analyses. During biweekly visits for 12 weeks, households with <5 members received 14 packets containing 60 g of heat-stabilized rice bran, and those with ≥5 members received 28 packets. The macro- and micro-nutrient contributions of rice bran and whole, cooked black beans were included in dietary simulation models with average intakes established between the recalls and for comparison with dietary reference intakes (DRIs). A baseline child food frequency questionnaire was administered. The 27 mothers and 23 children with complete recalls were included in analyses. Daily maternal consumption of 10 g/d of rice bran plus 100 g/d of black beans resulted in all achieving at least 50% of the fiber, protein, magnesium, niacin, potassium, and thiamin DRIs. Daily child consumption of 3 g/d of rice bran plus 10 g/d of black beans resulted in all achieving at least 50% of the magnesium, niacin, phosphorous, and thiamine DRIs. For 15/17 food categories, male children had a higher intake frequency, notably for animal-source foods and coffee. Dietary rice bran coupled with black beans could improve nutritional adequacy, especially for fiber and key micro-nutrients, with broader implications for addressing maternal and child malnutrition in low-resource settings.
在资源匮乏的环境中，需要摄入营养丰富且可接受的食物。米糠是全球碾磨白米的副产品之一，与其他谷物糠麸相比，米糠富含氨基酸、纤维和维生素。本试点研究旨在评估米糠对危地马拉西南部农村母婴膳食的营养贡献。对 30 户家庭进行了筛选。母亲（≥18 岁）和儿童（6 至 24 个月）在基线和 12 周后（终线）完成 24 小时膳食回忆，以分析饮食摄入和多样性。在 12 周的双周访视期间，对于成员数＜5 的家庭，每户发放 14 包（每包含 60g 热稳定米糠）；对于成员数≥5 的家庭，每户发放 28 包。米糠和全熟黑豆的宏量和微量营养素贡献被纳入膳食模拟模型中，平均摄入量是在两次膳食回忆之间确定的，并与膳食参考摄入量（DRI）进行了比较。还进行了基线儿童食物频率问卷调查。在分析中纳入了 27 名完成回忆的母亲和 23 名儿童。每天食用 10g 米糠加 100g 黑豆可使所有母亲的纤维、蛋白质、镁、烟酸、钾和硫胺素 DRI 摄入量至少达到 50%。每天食用 3g 米糠加 10g 黑豆可使所有儿童的镁、烟酸、磷和硫胺素 DRI 摄入量至少达到 50%。对于 15/17 种食物类别，男童的摄入频率更高，特别是动物源性食物和咖啡。膳食米糠加黑豆可以提高营养充足度，特别是纤维和关键微量营养素，这对解决资源匮乏环境中的母婴营养不良问题具有广泛意义。
