Chen Zhen, Shen Danwei, Shi Yujie, Chen Yiquan, He Honglian, Jiang Junfeng, Wang Fan, Jiang Jingyong, Wang Xiaoyan, Li Xiaobai, Zeng Wei
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China.
Institute of Horticulture, Taizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linhai 317000, China.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Feb 1;13(3):431. doi: 10.3390/plants13030431.
Improving fruit size or weight, firmness, and shelf life is a major target for horticultural crop breeding. It is associated with the depolymerization and rearrangement of cell components, including pectin, hemicellulose, cellulose, and other structural (glyco)proteins. Expansins are structural proteins to loosen plant cell wall polysaccharides in a pH-dependent manner and play pivotal roles in the process of fruit development, ripening, and softening. Hu, a unique Chinese red raspberry, is a prestigious pharmaceutical and nutraceutical dual-function food with great economic value. Thirty-three were predicted by genome-wide identification in this study, containing twenty-seven α-expansins (EXPAs), three β-expansins (EXPBs), one expansin-like A (EXPLA), and two expansin-like B (EXPLBs). Subsequently, molecular characteristics, gene structure and motif compositions, phylogenetic relationships, chromosomal location, collinearity, and regulatory elements were further profiled. Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and real-time quantitative PCR assays of fruits from different developmental stages and lineages showed that the group of , and were synergistically involved in fruit expanding and ripening, while another group of and might be essential for fruit ripening and softening. They were regulated by both abscisic acid and ethylene and were collinear with phylogenetic relationships in the same group. Our new findings laid the molecular foundation for improving the fruit texture and shelf life of medicinal and edible fruit.
提高果实大小或重量、硬度和货架期是园艺作物育种的主要目标。它与细胞成分的解聚和重排有关，包括果胶、半纤维素、纤维素和其他结构（糖）蛋白。扩张蛋白是一种结构蛋白，以pH依赖的方式使植物细胞壁多糖松弛，在果实发育、成熟和软化过程中起关键作用。“胡”是一种独特的中国红树莓，是一种具有很高经济价值的著名药用和营养双重功能食品。本研究通过全基因组鉴定预测了33个，其中包括27个α-扩张蛋白（EXPAs）、3个β-扩张蛋白（EXPBs）、1个扩张蛋白样A（EXPLA）和2个扩张蛋白样B（EXPLBs）。随后，进一步分析了其分子特征、基因结构和基序组成、系统发育关系、染色体定位、共线性和调控元件。此外，对不同发育阶段和品系果实的转录组测序（RNA-seq）和实时定量PCR分析表明，一组、和协同参与果实的膨大与成熟，而另一组和可能对果实成熟和软化至关重要。它们受脱落酸和乙烯的调控，并且在同一组中与系统发育关系共线。我们的新发现为改善药用和可食用果实的果实质地和货架期奠定了分子基础。
