Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Electrical and Computer Engineering, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Feb 4;24(3):1014. doi: 10.3390/s24031014.
Traditional systems for indoor pressure sensing and human activity recognition (HAR) rely on costly, high-resolution mats and computationally intensive neural network-based (NN-based) models that are prone to noise. In contrast, we design a cost-effective and noise-resilient pressure mat system for HAR, leveraging Velostat for intelligent pressure sensing and a novel hyperdimensional computing (HDC) classifier that is lightweight and highly noise resilient. To measure the performance of our system, we collected two datasets, capturing the static and continuous nature of human movements. Our HDC-based classification algorithm shows an accuracy of 93.19%, improving the accuracy by 9.47% over state-of-the-art CNNs, along with an 85% reduction in energy consumption. We propose a new HDC noise-resilient algorithm and analyze the performance of our proposed method in the presence of three different kinds of noise, including memory and communication, input, and sensor noise. Our system is more resilient across all three noise types. Specifically, in the presence of Gaussian noise, we achieve an accuracy of 92.15% (97.51% for static data), representing a 13.19% (8.77%) improvement compared to state-of-the-art CNNs.
传统的室内压力感应和人体活动识别(HAR)系统依赖于昂贵、高分辨率的垫子和基于计算密集型神经网络(NN)的模型,这些模型容易受到噪声的影响。相比之下,我们设计了一种具有成本效益和抗噪能力的 HAR 压力垫系统,利用 Velostat 进行智能压力感应和一种新颖的超高维计算(HDC)分类器,该分类器轻量级且高度抗噪。为了衡量我们系统的性能,我们收集了两个数据集,捕捉了人体运动的静态和连续性质。我们基于 HDC 的分类算法的准确率达到 93.19%,比最先进的 CNN 提高了 9.47%,同时能耗降低了 85%。我们提出了一种新的 HDC 抗噪算法,并分析了我们提出的方法在存在三种不同类型噪声(包括内存和通信、输入和传感器噪声)时的性能。我们的系统在所有三种噪声类型下都更具弹性。具体来说,在存在高斯噪声的情况下,我们的准确率达到 92.15%(静态数据为 97.51%),与最先进的 CNN 相比,提高了 13.19%(8.77%)。