Tout Amber F, Jessop Donna C, Miles Eleanor
School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.
Psychol Health. 2024 Feb 11:1-23. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2024.2314722.
Mindfulness, self-compassion, gratitude, and optimism have each been associated with better sleep quality and quantity; however, their collective and relative contributions to future sleep outcomes remain unexplored. The current study therefore investigated whether baseline levels of these positive psychological traits could predict subsequent sleep quality and quantity. In addition, emotion regulation was examined as a potential common mediator of the relationships between each of the positive traits and sleep.
A prospective, correlational design was employed. Student participants ( = 220) completed self-report measures of mindfulness, self-compassion, gratitude, optimism, emotion regulation and sleep quality and quantity at three separate time-points, each approximately 12 wk apart.
Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that, collectively, the positive traits at baseline predicted better sleep quality and quantity 12 wk and 24 wk later. Optimism emerged as a unique predictor of sleep at each time-point, with higher levels of optimism predicting better sleep. Maladaptive emotion regulation mediated the relationships between optimism and sleep and self-compassion and sleep.
Findings are consistent with the idea that positive psychological traits might help to facilitate good sleep quality and quantity and indicate that reductions in maladaptive emotion regulation may underpin associations between some positive traits and sleep.
正念、自我同情、感恩和乐观都与更好的睡眠质量和时长相关；然而，它们对未来睡眠结果的共同及相对贡献仍未得到探索。因此，本研究调查了这些积极心理特质的基线水平是否能够预测随后的睡眠质量和时长。此外，还考察了情绪调节作为每种积极特质与睡眠之间关系的潜在共同中介因素。
采用前瞻性相关设计。学生参与者（n = 220）在三个不同时间点完成了关于正念、自我同情、感恩、乐观、情绪调节以及睡眠质量和时长的自我报告测量，每个时间点间隔约12周。
分层回归分析表明，总体而言，基线时的积极特质能够预测12周和24周后的更好睡眠质量和时长。乐观在每个时间点都是睡眠的独特预测因素，乐观程度越高，睡眠质量越好。适应不良的情绪调节介导了乐观与睡眠以及自我同情与睡眠之间的关系。
研究结果与积极心理特质可能有助于促进良好睡眠质量和时长的观点一致，并表明适应不良情绪调节的减少可能是一些积极特质与睡眠之间关联的基础。
