Ibagon Jimena A, Lee Su A, Nyachoti C Martin, Stein Hans H
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N2.
Transl Anim Sci. 2024 Feb 10;8:txae008. doi: 10.1093/tas/txae008. eCollection 2024.
The objective was to test the hypothesis that particle size and origin of field peas influence the apparent ileal digestibility () of starch, crude protein (), and amino acids () and the standardized ileal digestibility () of AA. Three sources of field peas were procured. One source was from the United States and two sources were from Canada. The U.S. source and one of the sources from Canada (i.e., Canada 1) were each divided into two batches and ground to achieve a target particle size of 250 or 450 µm, whereas the other source from Canada (i.e., Canada 2) was only ground to a target particle size of 250 µm. Each batch of field peas was included in one diet as the only source of AA. An N-free diet was used to determine the basal endogenous losses of CP and AA. Six barrows (initial weight: 50.5 kg; SD = 3.7) that had a T-cannula installed in the distal ileum were randomly allotted to a 6 × 6 Latin square design with six diets and six 7-d periods. Ileal digesta from pigs were collected for 2 d after 5 d of adaptation. Data were analyzed using a statistical model that included batch of field peas as the fixed effect and animal and period as the random effects. Contrast statements were used to analyze the effects of particle size, origin, and the interaction between particle size and origin. Results indicated that the AID of starch was increased by reducing the particle size in the U.S. source of field peas, but that was not the case for the Canada 1 source (interaction; < 0.001). Particle size did not influence the AID of CP or AA, but the Canada 2 source of field peas had greater ( < 0.05) AID of Trp, Ala, Cys, Gly, and Tyr than the field peas from the United States. The SID of CP and AA was also not affected by the particle size of field peas. The SID of CP and Trp was greater ( < 0.05), and the SID of His, Ile, and Thr tended ( < 0.10) to be greater in the Canada 2 source compared with the U.S. source, but no differences between the two Canada sources were observed. In conclusion, a few differences in SID of AA between field peas produced in the United States and peas produced in Canada were observed, but there was no effect on SID of AA of reducing the particle size of field peas from 450 to 250 µm, whereas the AID of starch increased by reducing the particle size only in the field peas from the United States.
饲用豌豆的粒度和来源会影响淀粉、粗蛋白（CP）和氨基酸（AA）的表观回肠消化率（AID）以及AA的标准回肠消化率（SID）。采购了三种来源的饲用豌豆。一种来自美国，两种来自加拿大。美国来源的豌豆和其中一种加拿大来源（即加拿大1）的豌豆各自分为两批，并研磨至目标粒度为250或450 µm，而另一种加拿大来源（即加拿大2）的豌豆仅研磨至目标粒度为250 µm。每批饲用豌豆都包含在一种日粮中，作为AA的唯一来源。使用无氮日粮来测定CP和AA的基础内源损失。六头在回肠末端安装了T型套管的公猪（初始体重：50.5 kg；标准差 = 3.7）被随机分配到一个6×6拉丁方设计中，有六种日粮和六个7天周期。在适应5天后，收集猪的回肠食糜2天。使用包含饲用豌豆批次作为固定效应以及动物和周期作为随机效应的统计模型对数据进行分析。使用对比语句来分析粒度、来源以及粒度与来源之间相互作用的影响。结果表明，在美国来源的饲用豌豆中，通过减小粒度可提高淀粉的AID，但加拿大1来源的豌豆并非如此（相互作用；P < 0.001）。粒度并未影响CP或AA的AID，但加拿大2来源的饲用豌豆中色氨酸、丙氨酸、半胱氨酸、甘氨酸和酪氨酸的AID高于美国来源的豌豆（P < 0.05）。饲用豌豆的粒度也未影响CP和AA的SID。与美国来源相比，加拿大2来源的CP和色氨酸的SID更高（P < 0.05），组氨酸、异亮氨酸和苏氨酸的SID有更高的趋势（P < 0.10），但未观察到两种加拿大来源之间存在差异。总之，观察到美国产饲用豌豆和加拿大产豌豆在AA的SID方面存在一些差异，但将饲用豌豆的粒度从450 µm减小到250 µm对AA的SID没有影响，而仅在美国产饲用豌豆中，减小粒度会提高淀粉的AID。
