Waldo Benjamin D, Shahoveisi Fereshteh, Carroll Mark J
Mycology and Nematology Genetic Diversity and Biology Laboratory USDA-ARS Beltsville Maryland USA.
Department of Plant Sciences and Landscape Architecture University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA.
Ecol Evol. 2024 Feb 9;14(2):e10905. doi: 10.1002/ece3.10905. eCollection 2024 Feb.
Impacts of long-term fertilization and cultivation were evaluated on nematode communities associated with tall fescue turfgrass following 11 years of treatment applications. Fertilizer treatments of biosolid, synthetic, and plant-based fertilizers and cultivation treatments of 0×, 1×, and 2× aerification passes were applied to randomized and replicated tall fescue plots at the University of Maryland Paint Branch Turfgrass facility in College Park, Maryland. Free-living and plant-parasitic nematodes were identified, enumerated, and categorized into functional groups. Nematode count data were compared using generalized linear mixed modeling with negative binomial distribution and two-way ANOVA was used to compare nematode ecological indices. Biosolid treatments resulted in lower omnivore-predator densities than plant-based fertilizer treatments ( ≤ .001) and significantly greater densities than plant-based fertilizer plots ( ≤ .05). Synthetic fertilizer applications resulted in the greatest ( ≤ .05) and total bacterivore densities ( ≤ .001) of all fertilizer treatments. Plant-based fertilizer-treated plots had the largest Maturity Index cp 2-5 and Structure Index ( ≤ .05). Cultivation of 1× resulted in fewer total bacterivore densities than 2× ( ≤ .01) while omnivore-predator densities were greater in 1× than 0× ( ≤ .001). Plant health, as measured by NDVI, was lowest in biosolid-treated turfgrass ( ≤ .05). These findings suggest that long-term turfgrass management practices can have variable impacts on nematode abundance and community structure in tall fescue and provide insights into ecological impacts of turfgrass management practices.
在进行了11年的处理应用后，评估了长期施肥和栽培对与高羊茅草坪草相关的线虫群落的影响。将生物固体肥料、合成肥料和植物基肥料的施肥处理以及0次、1次和2次通气处理的栽培处理应用于马里兰州大学公园市马里兰大学油漆分支草坪设施的随机重复高羊茅地块。对自由生活和植物寄生线虫进行了鉴定、计数并分类为功能组。使用具有负二项分布的广义线性混合模型比较线虫计数数据，并使用双向方差分析比较线虫生态指数。生物固体处理导致杂食性捕食者密度低于植物基肥料处理（≤0.001），且显著高于植物基肥料地块（≤0.05）。在所有肥料处理中，合成肥料的应用导致食细菌线虫密度最高（≤0.05）和总食细菌线虫密度最高（≤0.001）。植物基肥料处理的地块具有最大的成熟度指数cp 2-5和结构指数（≤0.05）。1次通气处理的总食细菌线虫密度低于2次通气处理（≤0.01），而1次通气处理的杂食性捕食者密度高于0次通气处理（≤0.001）。以归一化植被指数（NDVI）衡量的植物健康状况在生物固体处理的草坪草中最低（≤0.05）。这些发现表明，长期的草坪草管理实践可能对高羊茅中线虫的丰度和群落结构产生不同的影响，并为草坪草管理实践的生态影响提供了见解。
